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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is cartilage? And what cells do they contain? What is the vascular supply like? |
Specialized connective tissue in which strong ECM allows tissue to bear mechanical stress without permanent distortion
Specialized cell called cohndrocytes
Avascular, low metabolic activity
Slow regeneration and repair |
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Chondrocytes |
Round or oval cells with an eccentric nucleus, prominent nucleolus and basophilic cytoplasm
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What are lacunae |
The small cavity that chondrocytes occupy. These are surrounded by a pericellular capsule
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What are isogenous aggregates of chondrycyte nests |
When the cell was dividing it made a duplex |
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What is the consistency of cartilage matrix? |
Generally basophilic due to high content of sulfated GAG
Matrix directly around lucanae and chondrocytes has more GAG and are more basophilic and stain darker
The interterritorial matrix is more enriched in collage less basophilic and more acidophilic |
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What are the steps in chondrogenesis? |
1. Embryonic mesenchymal cells become rounder, aggregate, and form chondroblasts 2. chondroblasts differentiate adn multiply 3. Production of ECM leads to separation of chondroblasts 4. Mitosis and aggregation of new mature chondrocytes into isogenous aggregates |
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What occurs during intersitital growth? |
when you have pre-existing carlidge and you are producing more chondrocytes. Pre-existing chondrocytes undergo mitosis |
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What is cartilige appositional growth? |
Occurs through differential of chondrogenic cells in the surrounding perichondrium into chondroblasts
Two layers on either side
Closest |
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Where is hyaline cartilage found? |
Temporary skeleton in fetus, articular cartilage, cartilage of respiratory tract and costal cartilage |
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What is the largest component of Hyaline cartilage? what are the major matrix proteins in hyaline cartilage? |
Type II collagens
Aggrecan (proteoglycan with abundant sulfated GAGs)
Chondronectin (glycoprotein that helps link collagen to aggrecan)
75% is water |
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hyaline cartilage |
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what surrounds the hyaline cartilage? |
Perichondrium. Where the hyaline cartilage gets all of its nutrients, has its gas exchange, and the fibroblasts excrete the ECM |
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What is the function of hyaline cartilage? |
provides a smooth low-friction surface to ease movements in joints
Provides structural support and stability (holds structures together)
Provides a smooth area for joint articulation |
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Why is cartilage regeneration limited? |
Poor bloodsupply
also when injury occurs injured cartilagenous tissue usually replaced by dense connective tissue impairing normal function which isn't as silky |
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What does aging due to hyaline cartilage> |
calcifies it
Chondrocytes degenergate and the matrix dies |
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What does elastic cartilage resembe? |
very similar to hyaline cartilage but contains abundant network of elastic fibers in addition to type II collagen. This adds a resilence to it |
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Where is elastic cartilage found? |
external ear, epiglottis and aduitory tube |
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What is the function of elastic cartilage? |
provides flexible shape and support for soft tissues |
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Elastic cartilage |
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What is fibrocartilage rich in? |
Type I and Type II collagen with a lesser amount of proteoglycans (so eCM is more acidophilic).
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What is fibrocartilage essentially? |
tissue intermediate between dense connective tissue and hyaline cartlige |
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Where is fibrocartilage found? |
intevertebral disks, attachments of some ligaments, sternovlavicular joints, and pubic symphysis |
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What is the tell time sign of fibrocartilage? |
long lines of stress, th echondrocytes are in rows and isogenic groups
NO perichondrium
Matrix is more acidophilic |
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What are the functions of fibrocartilage? |
cushing, resistance to tearing and compression, tensile strength
Think vertebrae |
