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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The development and administration of the activities involved in transforming resources into goods and services
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Operations Management (OM)
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The activities and processes used in making tangible products; also called production
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Manufacturing
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The activities and processes used in making tangible products; also called manufacturing
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Production
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The activities and processes used in making both tangible and intangible products
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Operations
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The resources--such as labor, money, materials, and energy--that are converted into outputs.
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Inputs
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The goods, services, and ideas that result from the conversion of inputs
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Outputs
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5 basic differences between manufacturers and service providers
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-Nature and consumption of output
-Uniformity of inputs -Uniformity of output -Labor required -Measurement of productivity |
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Elements of planning and designing operations systems
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-Planning the product
-Designing the operations processes -Planning capacity -Planning facilities |
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The making of identical interchangeable components or products
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Standardization
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The creation of an item in self-containted units, or modules, that can be combined or interchanged to create different products
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Modular Design
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Making products to meet a particular customer's needs or wants
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Customization
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The maximum load that an organizational unit can carry or operate
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Capacity
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A layout that brings all resources required to create the product to a central location
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Fixed-position layout
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A company using a fixed-position layout because it is typically involved in large, complex projects such as construction or exploration
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Project organization
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A layout that organizes the transformation process into departments that group related processes
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Process layout
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Organizations that deal with products of a lesser magnitude than do project organizations; their products are not as necessarily unique but possess a significant number of differences
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Intermittent organizations
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Layout requiring that production be broken down into relatively simple tasks assigned to workers, who are usually positioned along an assembly line
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Product layout
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Companies that use continuously running assembly lines, creating products with many similar characteristics
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Continuous manufacturing organizations
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The design of compnents, products, and processes on computers instead of on paper
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Computer-assisted design (CAD)
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Manufacturing that employs specialized computer systems to actually guide and control the transformation processes
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Computer-assisted manufacturing (CAM)
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The direction of machinery by computers to adapt to different versions of similar operations
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Flexible manufacturing
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A complete system that designs products, manages machines and materials, and controls the operations function
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Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)
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Connecting and integrating all parties or members of the distribution system in order to satisfy customers
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Supply chain management
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Managing the supply chain uses the following techniques
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-Planning
-Managing inventory -Outsourcing -Routing and scheduling |
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The buying of all the materials needed by the organization; also called procurement
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Purchasing
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All raw materials, components, completed or partially completed products, and pieces of equipment a firm uses
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Inventory
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The process of determining how many supplies and goods are needed and keeping track of quantities on hand, where each item is, and who is responsible for it
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Inventory control
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A model that identifies the optimum number of items to order to minimize the costs of managing (ordering, storing, and using) them
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Economic order quantity (EOQ) model
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A technique using smaller quantities of materials that arrive "just in time" for use in the transformation process and therefore require less storeage space and other inventory management expense
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Just-in-time (JIT) inventory management
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A planning system that schedules the precise quantity of materials needed to make the product
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Material-requirements planning (MRP)
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The sequence of operations through which the product must pass
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Routing
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The assignment of required tasks to departments or even specific machines, workers, or teams
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Scheduling
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The processes an organization uses to maintain in established quality standards
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Quality control
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A philosophy that uniform commitment to quality in all areas of an organization will promote a culture that meets customers' perceptions of quality
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Total quality management (TQM)
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A system in which management collects and analyzes information about the production process to pinpoint quality problems in the production system
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Statistical process control
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A series of quality assuracnce standards designed by the International Organization for Standards (ISO) to ensure product quality under many conditions
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ISO 9000
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