Bsci201 Lab Quiz 1

Front 1

Keratinocytes

Back 1

produce keratin, which gives epidermis is durability and protective capabilities

Front 2

Melanocytes

Back 2

produces melanin

Front 3

Langerhan's Cells

Back 3

immune response

Front 4

Merkel Cells

Back 4

form sensitive touch receptors

Front 5

Layers of the epidermis

Back 5

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

Front 6

stratum basale

Back 6

deepest layer, rapidly divides, 10-25% of it is melanin

Front 7

stratum spinosum

Back 7

also divides rapidly, last layer with sufficient nutrients to divide, replenishes dying cells on surface

Front 8

stratum granulosum

Back 8

waterproofing layer

Front 9

stratum lucidum

Back 9

thin layer of dead keratinocytes

Front 10

stratum coreneum

Back 10

outermost layer, thick, consists of dead keratinocytes

Front 11

papillary layer

Back 11

more superificail layer of the dermis, forms fingerprints

Front 12

reticular layer

Back 12

deepest skin layer: arteries, veins, sweat and sebaceous glands

Front 13

Nail: body

Back 13

visible attached portion

Front 14

Nail: free edge

Back 14

edge you cut

Front 15

Nail: root

Back 15

embedded in skin

Front 16

Nail: Eponychium

Back 16

cuticle

Front 17

Nail: Bed

Back 17

stuff underneath nail

Front 18

Nail: Matrix

Back 18

beginning of nail bed underneath nail, produces nail cells which become heavily keratinized and die

Front 19

Nail: Lunula

Back 19

little white blotch/crescent at base of visible portion of nail

Front 20

Hair: Root

Back 20

Portion of hair enclosed in the follicle

Front 21

Hair: Shaft

Back 21

portion of hair that projects from the scalp

Front 22

Hair: Bulb

Back 22

well-nourished germinal epithelial cells at the basal end of the follicle where hairs grow

Front 23

Hair: Follicle

Back 23

formed form epidermal and dermal cells, enclosed by a thickened basement membrane

Front 24

Hair: Arrector Pilli Muscle

Back 24

responsible for goosebumps and making hair stand up

Front 25

Sebaceous Glands

Back 25

ducts usually empty in hair follicle, produce sebum, oily substance which keeps skin soft and moist

Front 26

Sweat Glands

Back 26

2 types: eccrine glans, which produce clear perspiration (water, salt, urea)
apocrine, which produce milky nutrient substance for the microorganisms typically found on the skin

Front 27

Functions of bones

Back 27

internal framework, movement, storgae of lipids and materials

Front 28

axial bones

Back 28

lie around the body's center of gravity

Front 29

appendiccular bones

Back 29

bones of the limbs and appendages

Front 30

long bones

Back 30

longer than they are wide, made of compact bone

Front 31

short bones

Back 31

cube shaped, more spongy bone than compact... carpals in wrist

Front 32

flat bones

Back 32

thin bones with a compact bone layer sandwiched in between 2 spongy layers... skull bones

Front 33

irregular bones

Back 33

not flat, short, or compact... ribs

Front 34

sesamoid bones

Back 34

special short bones found in tendons... patella

Front 35

wormian bones

Back 35

tiny bones between cranial bones

Front 36

bone projections

Back 36

attachment site for muscle/ligament

Front 37

bone depressions

Back 37

cavities/depression, openings for blood vessels and nerves

Front 38

Diaphysis

Back 38

shaft of the bone

Front 39

Periosteum

Back 39

fibrous membrane covering

Front 40

Epiphysis

Back 40

the end of the long bone

Front 41

articular cartilage

Back 41

covers epiphysis, instead of periosteum..... provides smooth surface to prevent friction in joints

Front 42

epiphyseal plate

Back 42

thin area of hyaline cartilage, allows bone to grow

Front 43

yellow marrow

Back 43

inside medullary cavity (central cavity of diaphysis), storage region for adipose tissue

Front 44

red marrow

Back 44

located in the same place (medullary cavity) as yellow marrow.. only in infants

Front 45

central canal of bone

Back 45

runs parallel to long axis of bone, carries blood vessel, nerves, and lymph vessels,

Front 46

osteocytes

Back 46

mature bone cells

Front 47

lacunae

Back 47

chambers in central canal, arranged in concentric circles

Front 48

osteon

Back 48

central canal and all the concentric lamellae

Front 49

epiphyseal plate

Back 49

growth plates.. cartilage that allows bones to grow, and then turns into bone

Front 50

osteoblasts

Back 50

bone cells that form new bone matrix, found in periosteum

Front 51

osteocytes

Back 51

bone breakers, found in both periosteum and epiphysis

Front 52

volkmans canals

Back 52

perpendicular to central canal.. more ways for blood vessels to navigate

Front 53

Hyaline Cartilage

Back 53

found in most skeletal cartilages, sturday support with some resilience

Front 54

Elastic Cartilage

Back 54

hyaline cartilage with more fibers, much more flexible

Front 55

Fibrocartilage

Back 55

great tensile strength, can withstand heavy compression (intervertebral discs, knee joint)

Front 56

articular cartilage

Back 56

covers epiphysis

Front 57

costal cartilage

Back 57

covers ribs

Front 58

laryngeal cartilage

Back 58

laryanx

Front 59

trachael/bronchital cartialge

Back 59

trachael/bronchital

Front 60

nasal cartilage

Back 60

nasal

Front 61

intervetebral cartilage

Back 61

spine discs, knee joint

Front 62

elastic cartilage

Back 62

?

Front 63

make-up of vertebral column

Back 63

7,12,5... 7 vertebrae in cervical, 12 in thoracic, 5 in lumbar

Front 64

3 areas of cranial vault

Back 64

superior (top), lateral (sides), posterior (back)

Front 65

3 areas of cranial floor

Back 65

anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa, posterior cranial fossa