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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Why may cytology NOT lead to a diagnosis? |
Not a good representative sample |
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T or F: |
True! |
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When should cytology samples be heat fixed? |
Never! Always air-dried! |
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What is the approach (ie: 4 questions asked) to a cytological evaluation? |
Are cells normal? |
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What is the normal cell morphology for corneal cells? |
Pseudostratefied columnar epithelium |
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Which cell type should be present whenever a body cavity fluid is collected? |
Mesothelial cells |
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What is the normal morphology of most respiratory cells? |
Tall columnar with microvilli |
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What type of cells are predominant here? If this is an inflammatory process, describe the type of inflammation!!! |
Neutrophils (degenerative); |
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What cells are indicated by the arrows? What type of inflammation is present here? |
Big ol' Macrophages |
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What type of inflammation is present here? |
Septic, suppurative inflammation (septic = bacteria present, suppurative = neutrophils present) |
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What type of inflammation is depicted here? |
Lymphocytic |
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What type of inflammation is depicted here? |
Eosinophilic inflammation |
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What type of inflammation is depicted here? |
Septic, suppurative inflammation |
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What type of inflammation is present in this image? |
NONE! Just stain precipitate! |
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Which of the following are morphologic criteria of malignancy? |
A, B, and E |
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What are the three types of malignant cells? |
Epithelial |
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What are some characteristics of epithelial cells? |
occur in clusters with cell-to-cell adhesion; |
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The condenser lens should be _______ when evaluating a cytology slide. |
UP |
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Evaluate this bone sample in terms of: |
Not inflammatory. |
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Evaluate this FNA of a prostate in terms of: |
No inflammation; |
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What are the three cell types that can become malignant? What are the cancerous names of each (type of 'oma)? |
Epithelial (carcinoma) |
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What are cytologic characteristics of epithelial cells? |
Large |
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Which cell line is depicted here (epithelial, mesothelial, or round cell)? |
Epithelial; note cell-to-cell adhesion! |
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Which cell line is depicted here (epithelial, mesenchymal, or round cells)? |
Mesenchymal; note lack of cell-to-cell adhesion and spindle shape |
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What cell type (epithelial, mesenchymal, or round cell) is depicted here? |
Round cell; note lack of cell-to-cell adhesion and, um, they're ROUND! |
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Characterize this slide in terms of: |
not inflammatory |
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Characterize this anal sac sample in terms of: |
epithelial lineage |
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Characterize this anal sac sample in terms of: |
Epithelial, non-inflammatory, malignant! |
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Characterize this sample in terms of: |
Epithelial |
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What cell lineage is this from? What tissue? |
Epithelial (thyroid) |
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What are characteristics of mesenchymal cells? |
Usually singular (may be in small clumps); |
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What are characteristics of round cells? |
single, small to medium sized cells; |
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What are examples of round cells? |
Mast cell |
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What lineage are these cells from? |
Mesenchymal |
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T or F: |
True!!! Even though they're not spindle shaped and tend to stick together!! |
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T or F: |
True! |
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What cell type is depicted here? Is this malignant? |
These are histiocytes (but a bad example of a histiocyte clump...they are usually more single)! |
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What lineage is this cell from? What is it indicative of? |
Round cell; |
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What type of tumor would this be? |
Mast cell tumor!!! |
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What type of tumor is depicted here? What lineage? |
Melanoma! A round cell tumor type. |
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What type of tumor would this be? |
Melanoma! |
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What type of tumor is depicted here (ignore the arrow for now)? |
Plasmacytoma (tons of pleiomorphic plasma cells) |
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What type of tumor is shown here? Are both indicated cells normal? |
Lymphoma |
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What type of tumor is depicted here? |
Transmissible Venereal Tumor (looks like histiocytoma but with VACUOLES) |
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An accumulation of fluid in the body is known as... |
...an EFFUSION |
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What are the three types of effusions? |
Transudate; |
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Which fluid has low cellularity and low protein? |
Transudate |
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What is the most common cause of a transudate? |
hypoalbuminemia |
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What is a major cause of a modified transudate? |
cardiovascular disease |
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Which fluid has a high protein content but low cellularity? |
modified transudate |
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What type of effusion does FIP cause? |
modified transudate |
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Which effusion has high protein and high cellularity? |
Exudate |
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T or F: |
False. They can be inflammatory or non-inflammatory (due to neoplasia). |
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How can an equine gut rupture be determined via cytology of an abdominocentesis sample? |
Absence or presence of feed material. |
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What type of effusion would this canine thoracocentesis be? |
septic suppurative exudate |
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Characterize this sample of thoracic fluid from a cat? |
Neoplastic lymphoma |
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Characterize this sample of canine abdominal fluid! |
Bile peritonitis (non-septic) |
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What are these weird things from the abdominal fluid of a foal? What is it indicative of? |
CaCO3 crystals and Sammy Davis Jr.; |
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What kind of effusion is shown here? What is the crap in the macrophage? |
Hemorrhagic effusion; |
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How can iatrogenic hemorrage from performing a sampling of body cavity fluid be distinguished from a chronic process? |
Look for platelets; if there are platelets then it was likely iatrogenic |
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What cell lines body cavities? |
Mesothelial cells |
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T or F: |
False! They have microvilli! |
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What are characteristics of reactive mesothelial cells? |
Larger |
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What kind of cells are these? |
Probably reactive mesothelial cells but safer to call them large mononuclear cells since they look so much like macrophages |
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T or F: |
True! |
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What are these things? |
Amniotic fluid + Daft Punk |
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What does Lemmy seem to be admiring here? |
Mesothelioma |
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If this is seen in abdominal fluid, what do you think? |
Bad thoughts....its metastatic squamous cell carcinoma |
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What causes cells to line-up in joint fluid? What is this called? |
hyaluronic acid; |
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What types of cells predominate in joint fluid? |
Large mononuclear cells |
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Characterize joint fluid grossly. |
Transparent to slightly yellow; |
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Characterize normal CSF grossly and cytologically. |
Clear colorless, |
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What is this weird thing in some dog CSF? |
Cryptococcus neoformans |
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posterior staphylmoas or oblique insertion of optic nerve/ Fuch's spots, lacquer cracks |
high myopia (degenerative) |
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What are three major reasons for lymph node enlargement? |
Hyperplasia |
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T or F: |
Tru dat! |
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What is going on with this lymph node? |
Nothing! It is normal! Note that most lymphocytes are small and mature. A few segs are normal. |
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What is going on with this lymph node? |
Hyperplastic and reactive (note all the plasma cells but no anisokaryosis or anisocytosis) |
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What gives with this lymph node? |
Lymphadenitis (macrophages and neutrophils) |
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What gives with this lymph node? |
Allergic reaction (note eosinophils) |
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What has this dog been eating? |
Salmon! Neorickettsia helminthoeca is here!! |
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Is this lymphoma or hyperplasia? |
Lymphoma! |
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Is this lymphoma or hyperplasia? |
Could be really reactive or early lymphoma |