Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the Sx's of Giardia lamblia infection?
|
Bloating
Flatulence Foul-Smelling Diarrhea |
|
|
Tx of Giardia?
|
Cysts in Water
|
|
|
Dx of Giardia?
|
Trophozoites or cysts in stool
|
|
|
Rx for Giardia?
|
Metronidazole
|
|
|
Tx of Trichomonas vaginalis?
|
Sexual
|
|
|
Rx for Trichomonas vaginalis?
|
Metronidazole
|
|
|
What causes Chagas' Disease? Sx's?
|
Trypanosoma cruzi
dilated cardiomyopathy megacolon megaesophagus |
|
|
Where do you normally see Trypanosoma cruzi?
|
South America
|
|
|
Tx of Trypanosoma cruzi?
|
Reduviid Bug aka kissing bug
|
|
|
Dx of Trypansoma cruzi?
|
blood smear
|
|
|
Rx for Trypanosoma cruzi?
|
Nifurtimox
|
|
|
What causes African Sleeping Sickness?
|
Trypanosoma gambiense or rhodesiense
|
|
|
Sx's of T. gambiense or rhodesiense?
|
Enlarged LN's
Recurring Fever Somnolence Coma |
|
|
Tx of T. gambiense or rhodesiense?
|
Tsetse fly
|
|
|
Rx for T. gambiense or rhodesiense?
|
Suramin for blood-borne disease
Melarsoprol for CNS penetration |
|
|
What does Leishmania donovani cause? sx's?
|
Visceral Leishmaniasis
Spiking Fevers Hepatosplenomegaly Pancytopenia |
|
|
Tx of Leishmania donovani?
|
Sandfly
|
|
|
Dx of Leishmania donovani?
|
Macrophages containing AMASTIGOTES
|
|
|
Rx for Leishmania donovani?
|
Sodium stibogluconate
|
|
|
Types of Malaria bugs?
|
Plasmodium:
vivax ovale malariae falciparum |
|
|
Sx's of Malaria?
|
Cyclic Fever
HA Anemia Splenomegaly |
|
|
Who is the most serious malaria bug?
|
P. falciparum
|
|
|
Who can cause relapsing malaria?
|
P. vivax and ovale
they lie dormant in liver |
|
|
Tx of malaria?
|
Mosquito (anopheles)
|
|
|
Rx for Malaria?
|
Chloroquine
(primaquine to prevent relapse) Sulfdoxine + Pyrimethamine Mefloquine Quinine |
|
|
Kicker histo appearance of Plasmodium?
|
Trophozoite ring form in RBC
|
|
|
What does Babesia cause? sx's?
|
Babesiosis
Fever Hemolytic Anemia |
|
|
Where do most Babesia infections occur?
|
Northeastern US
|
|
|
Tx of Babesia?
|
Ixodes Tick
|
|
|
Dx of Babesia?
|
Blood Smear
no RBC pigment RBC appears as Maltese Cross |
|
|
Rx for Babesia?
|
Quinine
Clindamycin |
|
|
What does Cryptosporidium cause?
|
Mild disease (watery poo) in healthy pts
Severe Diarrhea in AIDS |
|
|
Tx of cryptosporidium?
|
cysts in water
|
|
|
Dx of Cryptosporidium?
|
Acid-Fast cysts show up w/ stain
|
|
|
Rx for Cryptosporidium?
|
NONE
|
|
|
What does Toxoplasma gondii cause?
|
Brain abscess in HIV
Birth defects in fetuses (ring-enhancing brain lesions) |
|
|
Tx of Toxo?
|
Cysts in meat or cat poo
cross placenta |
|
|
Rx for Toxo?
|
Sulfadiazine + Pyrimethamine
|
|
|
What does Entamoeba histolytica cause?
|
Bloody Diarrhea
dysentery Liver Abscess RUQ pain |
|
|
Tx of Entamoeba histolytica?
|
Cysts in water
|
|
|
Histo appearance of E. histolytica?
|
RBC's in cytoplasm of trophozoites
Cyst w/ 4 nuclei |
|
|
Rx for Entamoeba histolytica?
|
Metronidazole and Iodoquinol
|
|
|
What does Naegleria fowleri cause?
|
Rapidly fatal meningoencephalitis
|
|
|
Tx of Naegleria fowleri?
|
Swimming in fresh water lakes (enter via cribiform plate)
|
|
|
Dx of Naegleria fowleri?
|
Amoebas in CSF
|
|
|
Rx for Naegleria fowleri?
|
NONE
|
|
|
Who is the Pinworm?
|
Enterobius vermicularis
|
|
|
Enterobius Vermicularis
Tx and Disease |
From food contaminated w/ eggs
Intestinal infection Anal Pruritis |
|
|
Test for E. vermicularis?
|
Scotch Tape Test of anus
|
|
|
Rx. for Pinworm (E. vermicularis)?
|
Mebendazole
or Pyrantel Pamoate |
|
|
Who is the Giant Roundworm?
|
Ascaris lumbricoides
|
|
|
Ascaris lumbricoides
Disease and Dx? |
Intestinal infection
Eggs visible in feces |
|
|
Rx for Ascaris lumbricoides?
|
Mebendazole
or Pyrantel Pamoate |
|
|
Who is the Pork worm?
|
Trichinella spiralis
|
|
|
Trichinella spiralis
Tx and Sx's? |
Undercooked meat, usually pork
Inflammation of muscle (larvae encyst in musc) Periorbital Edema |
|
|
Rx for Trichinella spiralis?
|
Thiabendazole
|
|
|
Tx and Sx's of Strongyloides stercoralis?
|
Larvae in soil penetrate skin
Intestinal infection w/ vomiting, diarrhea, and anemia |
|
|
Rx for Strongyloides stercoralis?
|
Ivermectin
or Thiabendazole |
|
|
Who are the hookworms?
|
Ancylostoma duodenale
Necator americanus |
|
|
Tx and Sx's for Hookworms?
|
Larvae penetrate skin of feet
Intestinal infection can cause anemia (suck blood from intestinal walls) |
|
|
Rx for Hookworms?
|
Mebendazole
or Pyrantel Pamoate |
|
|
Tx and Sx's of Dracunculus medinensis?
|
Drinking water
Skin inflammation and ulceration |
|
|
Rx for Dracunculus medinensis?
|
Niridazole
|
|
|
Onchocerca volvulus
Tx and Disease |
Female blackflies
Causes River Blindness w/ skin nodules and lizard skin. Can have allergic rxn to microfilaria |
|
|
Rx for Onchocerca volvulus?
|
Ivermectin
|
|
|
Loa Loa
Tx and Sx's? |
Deer fly, Horse fly, mango fly
Swelling in skin (can see worm crawling in conjunctiva |
|
|
Rx for Loa Loa?
|
Diethylcarbamazine
|
|
|
Who causes elephantiasis?
|
Wuchereria bancrofti
|
|
|
Tx and Sx's of wuchereria bancrofti?
|
Female Mosquito
Blockage of lymphatics Takes 9-12 months after bite to get elephantiasis |
|
|
Rx for Wuchereria bancrofti?
|
Diethylcarbamazine
|
|
|
Who is the Dog Roundworm?
|
Toxocara canis
|
|
|
Tx and Sx's of Toxocara canis?
|
food contaminated w/ eggs
Causes granulomas and visceral larva migrans Granuloma in retina can --> blindness |
|
|
Rx for Toxocara canis?
|
Diethylcarbamazine
|
|
|
Who are the tapeworms?
|
Taenia solium
Diphyllobothrium latum Echinococcus granulosus |
|
|
Who is the Pork Tapeworm?
|
Taenia solium
|
|
|
Tx of Taenia solium?
|
Ingestion of larvae from undercooked pork--->intestinal tapeworms
|
|
|
Disease and Sx's from Taenia solium?
|
Ingestion of eggs--->cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis, i.e. mass lesions in brain (swiss cheese)
|
|
|
Rx for Taenia solium?
|
Praziquantel for intestinal worms and cysticercosis
Albendazole for neurocysticercosis |
|
|
How do you get Diphyllobothrium latum?
|
Ingest larvae in raw freshwater fish
|
|
|
What does Diphyllobothrium latum do to you?
|
Causes B12 def--->anemia
|
|
|
Rx for Diphyllobothrium latum?
|
Praziquantel
|
|
|
what is the Hydatid Worm?
|
Echinococcus granulosus
|
|
|
Tx, pathogenesis, and sx's of Echinococcus granulosus?
|
Eggs in dog poop get ingested-->cysts in liver
If echinococcal Ag's are released from cysts--->anaphylaxis |
|
|
Rx for Echinococcus granulosus?
|
Albendazole
|
|
|
Who are the Flukes?
|
TREMATODES
Schistosoma Clonorchis sinensis Paragonimus westermani |
|
|
Tx of Schistosoma?
|
Snails are the hosts
Cercariae penetrate our skin |
|
|
Disease and Sx's of Schistosoma?
|
Granulomas, fibrosis, and inflammation of Spleen and Liver
|
|
|
What is special about Schistosoma haematobium?
|
a chronic infection can lead to squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder
|
|
|
Rx for Schistosoma?
|
Praziquantel
|
|
|
Tx of Clonorchis sinensis?
|
Undercooked fish
|
|
|
Disease, Sx's and Ass. of Clonorchis sinensis?
|
Causes inflammation of biliary tract-->pigmented gallstones
Associated w/ cholangiocarcinoma |
|
|
Rx for Clonorchis sinensis?
|
Praziquantel
|
|
|
Tx of Paragonimus westermani?
|
Undercooked crab meat
|
|
|
Disease/Sx's of Paragonimus westermani?
|
Inflammation and secondary bacterial infection of lungs
|
|
|
Rx for Paragonimus westermani?
|
Praziquantel
|
|
|
Who does Mebendazole/Pyrantel Pamoate kill?
|
Enterobius vermicularis
Ascaris lumbricoides Ancylostoma duodenale Necator americanus |
|
|
Who does Thiabendazole kill?
|
Trichinella spiralis
Strongyloides stercoralis |
|
|
Who does Ivermectin kill?
|
Strongyloides stercoralis
Onchocerca volvulus |
|
|
Who does Diethylcarbamazine kill?
|
Loa loa
Wuchereria bancrofti Toxocara canis |
|
|
Who does Albendazole kill?
|
Echinococcus granulosus
Taenia solium's neurocysticercosis |
|
|
Who does Praziquantel kill?
|
Intestinal Taenia solium
Diphyllobothrium latum All the Flukes: Schistosoma Clonorchis sinensis Paragonimus westermani |
|
|
Who are the nematodes that have to be ingested vs those that get in via skin?
|
Ingested: Enterobius, Ascaris, Trichinella (EAT)
Cutaneous: Strongyloides, Ancylostoma, Necator (SANd) |
|
|
If I say ______, you say _____
Brain cysts, seizures? |
Taenia solium (cysticercosis)
|
|
|
If I say ______, you say _____
Liver cysts? |
Echinococcus granulosus
|
|
|
If I say ______, you say _____
B12 Def? |
Diphyllobothrium latum
|
|
|
If I say ______, you say _____.
Biliary Tract Disease? |
Clonorchis sinensis
|
|
|
If I say ______, you say _____.
Hemoptysis? |
Paragonimus westermani
|
|
|
If I say ______, you say _____.
Portal HTN? |
Schistosoma mansoni
|
|
|
If I say ______, you say _____.
Hematuria, bladder cancer? |
Schistosoma haematobium
|
|
|
If I say ______, you say _____.
Microcytic anemia? |
Ancylostoma, Necator
|
|
|
Perianal pruritis?
|
Enterobius
|
|
|
The Tricky T's of Micro?
Typhoid fever vs Typhus |
Typhoid Fever = Salmonella typhi
Typhus = Rickettsia prowazekii (epidemic), Rickettsia typhi (endemic), Rickettsia tsutsugamushi (scrub typhus) |
|
|
The Tricky T's of Micro?
the STD's |
Chlamydia trachomatis (bacteria, STD)
Treponema (spirochete, syphilis or yaws) Trichomonas vaginalis: protozoan, STD |
|
|
The Tricky T's of Micro?
The other 3? |
Trypanosoma (protozoan, Chagas' (cruzi) or African Sleeping Sickness
Toxoplasma: protozoan, TORCH Trichinella spiralis: nematode, undercooked meat |
