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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the study of forces and their effects on living systems
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biomechanics
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study of forces the their effects on humans in exercise and sport
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sport and exercise biomechanics
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the two goals of sport and exercise biomechanics
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performance improvement, injury prevention and rehabilitation
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what are three performance improvement goals of sport and exercise biomechanics?
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technique, equipment, and training improvement
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what are two injury prevention and rehabilitation goals of biomechanics?
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techniques to reduce injury, equipment designs to reduce injury
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the study of human movment
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kinesiology
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two divisions of rigid body mechanics are __ and __
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statics and dynamics
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category of mechanics when objects are at rest or moving at a constant velocity
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statics
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category of mechanics when objects are in accelerated motion
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dynamics
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two categories of dynamic mechanics are __ and __
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kinematics and kinetics
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description of motion
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kinematics
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forces that cause changes in motions
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kinetics
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description without the use of numbers
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qualitative
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description using numbers
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quantitative
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mechanics is a __ science
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quantitative
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values like speed, power, force, velocity, and acceleration can all be found using what three measures of mechanics?
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length, time, and mass
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most widely used and accurate for all aspects of describing the body, standing in an upright posture, facing straight ahead, feet parallel and close, and palms facing forward
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anatomical position
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essentially the same as anatomical positoin except arms are at teh sides and palms facing the body
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fundamental position
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closer to the head
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superior
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farther away from the head
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inferior
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toward teh front of the body
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anterior
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toward teh back of teh body
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posterior
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toward teh midline of teh body
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medial
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away from the midline of teh body
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lateral
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closer to the trunk
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proximal
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away from the trunk
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distal
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toward teh surface of teh body
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superficial
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inside the body awary from the surface
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deep
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three main cardinal planes of motoin
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sagittal, frontal, transverse
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as movment occurs in a given plane, the joint moves or turns about an axis that is __ to that plane
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90 degrees
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divides body into equal, bilateral segments, bisects body into 2 equal symmetrical halves or a right and left half, movement occurs along the lalteral axis, e.g, sit up , running, bicep curls
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sagittal planes
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divides the bod into front and back halves, movement occurs along the AP axis, E.g. jumping jacks, cartwheels
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frontal plane
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divides body into top and bottom halves when the individual is in anatomic position, movment occurs along the vertical axis, e.g. swinging a bat, ptiching a baseball, medicine ball twists
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transverse plane
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movements that occur in the sagittal plane (5)
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flexion, extension, hyperextension, dosriflexion, plantar flexion
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movements that occur in the frontal plane (9)
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abduction, adduction, lateral trunk flexion, elevation, depression, inversion, eversion, radial and ulnar deviation
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movements that occur on the transverse plane (8)
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left and right rotation, medial and lateral rotation, supination and pronation, horizontal abduction and adduction
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