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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atom
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The basic unit of matter. The Greek word "atomos", which means "unable to be cut".
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nucleus
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The center of the atom, protons and neutrons tightly bound together.
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electron
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A negatively charged particle. They are in constant motion in the space surrounding the nucleus.
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element
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A pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom. More than 100 elements are known. Also called chemical elements.
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isotope
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Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain. Ex. some carbon atoms have 6 neutrons, some have 7 or 8.
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compound
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A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions. Shown using a kind of shorthand known as a chemical formula.
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ionic bond
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Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
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ion
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An atom that gains or loses electrons. Atoms are neutral because they have equal numbers of protons and electrons. When they lose an electron, it has a positive charge. When it gains electrons, it has a negative charge. These are called ions.
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covalent bond
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Forms when electrons are shared between atoms. They can form single, double and even triple bonds.
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molecule
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The smallest unit of most compounds
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van der Waals forces
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Intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules. When molecules are close together, a slight attraction can develop between the oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules.
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