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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
cytoplasm |
the region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, cytoskeleton, and organelles y |
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organelle |
small bodies found in the cytoplasm of the cell and perform specific functions |
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nucleus |
powerhouse and compartment where DNA is stored. |
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flagellum |
long, threadlike structures to help cell move in its environment |
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Golgi apparatus |
organelle that helps package materials to be transported outside cell |
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chloroplast |
organelle that uses light energy to make sugar in plants |
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chloroplast |
organelle that uses light energy to make sugar in plants |
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Rough ER |
protein is made here it is rough because of ribosomes |
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Mitochondria |
organelle that uses energy from organic compounds to make ATP (or energy) it is the powerhouse |
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cell wall |
protection that covers the membrane |
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vacuole |
fluid filled vesicles found in the cytoplasm of plant cells |
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ribosomes |
makes proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in cell communication |
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lysosome |
Store digestive enzymes prevent enzymes from destroying the cell |
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cell membrane |
cells outer boundary barrier to outside environment and inside of self |
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Smooth ER |
endoplasmic reticulum with no attached ribosomes |
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what are the cellular components of a prokaryotic cell? |
cell wall, microvilli, pilus, flagella, no nucleus, bacteria, smaller in size, fewer organelles |
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what are the four molecules of life? |
nucleic acid, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins |
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what are the four molecules of life? |
nucleic acid, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins |
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what is formed in the nucleus? |
DNA |
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what do ribosomes produce? |
proteins |
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what do ribosomes produce? |
proteins |
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what is occurs in chloroplasts? |
photosynthesis |
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what is the mitochondrion? |
cells powerhouse |
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describe the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane & what is its function? |
to protect the nucleus and it is made of phospholipids |
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what are the characters of the nucleus and what is its function? |
it is round in shape in stores genetic information |
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describe the characteristics of water and why is it important to all living things? |
it is necessary for life and the most important inorganic cell |
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what are the building blocks of cell membranes? |
phospholipids proteins in cholesterol |
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what are the building blocks of cell membranes? |
phospholipids proteins in cholesterol |
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how many stages are there of mitosis? |
4 |
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what does mitosis result in? |
two identical daughter nuclei |
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what type of cell does mitosis occur in? |
somatic (body) cell |
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what's the purpose of interphase? |
he prepares the cell for division produces organelles proteins in membranes |
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what's the purpose of interphase? |
he prepares the cell for division produces organelles proteins in membranes |
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what's the definition of passive transport |
high concentration to low concentration |
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what's the purpose of interphase? |
he prepares the cell for division produces organelles proteins in membranes |
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what's the definition of passive transport |
high concentration to low concentration |
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what's the definition of active transport? |
Low concentration to high concentration |
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what is osmosis? |
movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi permeable membrane no energy required |
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what is osmosis? |
movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi permeable membrane no energy required |
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what is diffusion? |
movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
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what are the three cellular components shared by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? |
cytoplasm, plasma membrane, ribosomes |
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what happens in cytokinesis? |
A cleavage Furrough forms and range of actin pinches the cell to divide it |
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what happens in cytokinesis? |
A cleavage Furrough forms and range of actin pinches the cell to divide it |
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give an example of a prokaryotic cell |
bacteria |
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give examples of a eukaryotic cell |
plant disease and animal |
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give examples of a eukaryotic cell |
plant disease and animal |
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describe the stages of mitosis |
in metaphase the chromosomes align in the middle and prepare for division second is prophase when fibers extend from centromeres and kenetichores are visible third is anaphase where the sister chromatids separate fourth is telling phase where the spindle fibers disperse and chromatids are found at opposite poles |
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what is isotonic solution and how does it affect the cell |
isotonic is when the amount of solute inside the cell is the same as those outside the cell and the cell is a normal size |
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what is isotonic solution and how does it affect the cell |
isotonic is when the amount of solute inside the cell is the same as those outside the cell and the cell is a normal size |
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describe hypotonic solution and what it does to a cell |
hypotonic is when there are fewer solutes in solution outside the cell then inside the cell and it causes the cell to swell and burst |
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what does a hypertonic solution do to a cell? |
cause the cell to shrink |
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what is isotonic solution and how does it affect the cell |
isotonic is when the amount of solute inside the cell is the same as those outside the cell and the cell is a normal size |
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describe hypotonic solution and what it does to a cell |
hypotonic is when there are fewer solutes in solution outside the cell then inside the cell and it causes the cell to swell and burst |
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what does a hypertonic solution do to a cell? |
cause the cell to shrink |
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compare and contrast a plant and animal cell |
plant cells have a cell wall a large vacuole chloroplasts and flagella only in some..
animal cells have no cell wall, there are small, no chloroplasts, have flagella
both have a mitochondria, golgi apparatus, rough and smooth ER, nucleus, cytoplasm, and ribosomes |
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compare and contrast eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells |
EUKARYOTIC : has a nucleus, cell membrane to hold organelles, they are complex, and have a cytoskeleton.
BOTH: have cytoplasm and DNA
PROKARYOTIC: have no nucleus, no membrane-bound organelle's, and no cytoskeleton |