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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In mitosis one parent cell makes how many daughter cells?
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2
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After mitosis, the two cells are _____________.
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Identical
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Mitosis is ______ steps.
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4
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During mitosis:
(a)_____________-chromosomes form, nuclear membrane disappears, spinde apparatus forms (b)____________-chromosomes meet in the middle (c)____________-sister chromatids split apart (d)____________-nuclear membrane reforms, spindle fibers disappear, chromatin |
a=prophase
b=metaphase c=anaphase d=telophase |
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Cytokinesis- cell is cut into ______.
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2
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In meiosis, one parent cells makes ______ daughter cells.
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4
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For meiosis, 1 diploid cell becomes 4 haploid cells (______ chromosomes each)
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half
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In meiosis there are ________ divisions. (meiosis 1 and meiosis 2)
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2
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When does the crossing over occur?
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Metaphase
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_________________ chromosomes: code for the same trait(s), one "X" from mom and one "X" from dad.
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Homologous
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DNA=_____________________________________.
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Deoxyribose nucleic acid
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Nucleotides are made up of what 3 things?
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Sugar, phosphate, and a base.
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What are chromosomes?
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Coiled up DNA that form before mitosis or meiosis.
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Making proteins=_____________ _______________.
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protein synthesis
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RNA= _________________________________.
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Ribose nucleic acid
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RNA has ___________ instead of Thymine.
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Uracil
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What are the 3 types of RNA?
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mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
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During transcription messenger RNA is made; where does it travel to?
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The ribosomes
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Where does transcription occur?
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The nucleus
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During translation, the mRNA is read and decoded. tRNA's bring ___________ in with amino acids attached.
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anticodons
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Where does translation occur?
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In the ribosomes.
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What is a polypeptide chain?
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A long string of amino acids bound together by peptide bonds.
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When using a codon chart, what are you supposed to read?
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The mRNA.
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Who the australian monk that used pea plants and is considered the father of genetics?
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Gregor Mendel
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What is a zygote?
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When a sperm fertilizes an egg, the fertilized egg is called a zygote.
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A monohybrid cross is used to predict how many traits?
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1
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When making a punnett square for a monohybrid cross, how many squares does the punnet square have?
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4`
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What type of antibodies do type A blood cells have?
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Anti B antibodies
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What type of antibodies do type B blood cells have?
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Anti A antibodies
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Type AB blood has what antigens on its' surface?
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Both A and B antigens
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What blood type is known as the universal recipient and can receive any tipe of blood safely?
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Type AB blood.
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What antibodies do type O blood cells have?
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Anti A and anti B antibodies
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What blood type is known as the universal donor and can safely donate to any type of blood, but can only receive any other type of blood but itself.
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O blood
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Girls can be ________ of sex linked traits, boys cannot.
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carriers
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Sex-linked traits can be located on _____________ chromosomes.
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X or Y
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__________________ can pass on sex-linked traits to daughters OR sons.
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Mothers
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Fathers cannot pass x-linked traits to ____(who?)_______ .
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Their sons
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A dihybrid cross is a _______ trait prediction.
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2
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With a punnet square for a dihybrid cross, how many squares does the punnet square have?
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16
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A karyotype is a chart of _____________ arranged in pairs.
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chromosomes
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What genetic mutation causes Down's Syndrome?
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A trisomy in chromosomes pair 21.
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A normal human being will have ________ pairs of chromosomes and ______ total chromosomes.
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23 pairs, 46 total
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Who was the naturalist on the HMS Beagle?
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Charles Darwin
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Charles Darwin studied on what islands?
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The Galapagos Islands
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Charles Darwin studied what animals?
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Finches
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______________ evolve, not individuals.
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Populations
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Stabilizing selection favors what kind of individuals?
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Average individuals
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Directional selection favors _____________ __________________.
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1 extreme
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Disruptive selection favors ____________ __________________.
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Both extremes
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What is taxonomy?
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The science of naming organisms.
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Binomial nomenclature= _______ names.
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2
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Which is the correct ? ....
(a) kingdom, phylum, order, class, family, genus, species (b) kingdom, phylum, family, class, order, species, genus (c) kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species (d) kingdom, class, phylum, order, genus, species, family |
(c) kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
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What are bacteria that live in extreme conditions?
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Archaebacteria
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What are bacteria living in common environments?
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Eubacteria
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The kingdom that includes eukaryotic single celled organisms.
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Protista
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Examples of organisms that belong to this kingdom include mushrooms, molds, fungus (no roots)
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Fungi
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Organisms in this kingdom include grass, flowers, bushes, trees, algae (roots)
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Plantae
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This kingdom includes mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians, insects (1 million species and growing)
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Animalia
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Phylogeny is the evolutionary _____________ of species.
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history
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