Biology Genetics Test

Front 1

Two gametes (sex cells) combine during

Back 1

sexual reproduction

Front 2

What is one function of MITOSIS?

Back 2

to equally divide replicated chromosomes into daughter cells

Front 3

Sperm cells of the Russian dwarf hamster contain 14 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are found in a normal body cell of the Russian dwarf hamster?

Back 3

28

Front 4

How does the number of chromosomes in a human liver cell compare to the number of chromosomes in a human brain cell?

Back 4

The number of chromosomes in both cells is equal.

Front 5

A cell with 20 chromosomes undergoes MITOSIS. What is the end result?

Back 5

2 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 20 chromosomes.

Front 6

What is one function of MEIOSIS?

Back 6

to create gametes for reproduction

Front 7

One of the first people to study patterns of heredity scientifically was

Back 7

Gregor Mendel

Front 8

The allele for green pod color (G) is dominant over the allele for yellow pod color (g). What is the genotype for a plant with yellow pods?

Back 8

gg

Front 9

An organism with two different alleles for a single trait is ____ for that trait.

Back 9

heterozygous

Front 10

Assume that in humans, brown eyes (B) is dominant over blue eyes (b). The mother’s genotype is bb and the father’s is Bb. What are the predicted frequencies of eye color of the children of these parents?

Back 10

1/2 brown eyes and 1/2 blue eyes

Front 11

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that causes serious respiratory problems. Brad and Janet are healthy adults with three children. Two of the children appear to be healthy and one child has cystic fibrosis. The normal allele is represented as C. The disease-causing allele is represented as c. What is Brad’s genotype? What is Janet’s genotype?

Back 11

Brad = Cc; Janet = Cc

Front 12

If an organism has two identical alleles for a single trait, for that trait the organism is considered

Back 12

homozygous

Front 13

In humans the gene for polydactyly (having extra fingers or toes) is dominant over the gene for the normal number of digits. If parents who are both homozygous dominant for polydactyly have four children, how many of these children would most likely have extra fingers or toes?

Back 13

4

Front 14

Two parents are both heterozygous for a single-gene recessive genetic trait. This means that their offspring:

Back 14

have a 25% chance of expressing the trait

Front 15

In a certain species of bird, the allele for red feathers (R) is dominant over the allele for green feathers (r). When a heterozygous red-feathered bird is mated with a green-feathered bird, what percentage of the offspring is likely to possess the red feather trait?

Back 15

50%

Front 16

A cross between two plants that have pink flowers produced offspring that have red, pink, or white flowers. Which is the most likely explanation for these results?

Back 16

The allele for flower color shows incomplete dominance.

Front 17

The offspring of sexual reproduction:

Back 17

receives half of its genetic material from each parent.

Front 18

The offspring of asexual reproduction:

Back 18

receives all of its genetic material from one parent.

Front 19

The typical sex chromosomes of a male human are

Back 19

XY

Front 20

Using special enzymes, scientists have been able to isolate the gene that controls the production of Protein A from one type of bacteria and insert the gene into another type of bacteria that does not normally produce Protein A. These bacteria then produce Protein A. What is the name of this technique?

Back 20

genetic modification

Front 21

What complementary DNA sequence binds to this DNA sequence: A – G – T – A – C ?

Back 21

T – C – A – T – G

Front 22

A DNA molecule is found to contain 40% of the nitrogenous base thymine (T). What percentage of nitrogenous base adenine (A) does this molecule contain?

Back 22

40%

Front 23

What part of the nucleic acid carries the genetic information?

Back 23

the nitrogen bases

Front 24

In the cells of most organisms, DNA is contained in the

Back 24

nucleus

Front 25

Put the following cellular components in order of size from smallest to largest:
nucleus, chromosome, cell, nucleotide, gene

Back 25

nucleotide, gene, chromosome, nucleus, cell

Front 26

The nitrogen bases found in DNA are represented by the letters

Back 26

A, T, G, and C

Front 27

If a portion of a messenger RNA molecule contains the codon A-A-U, the corresponding transfer RNA base anticodon sequence is

Back 27

U-U-A