Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which 2 scientist discovered the double helix structure of DNA?
|
Watson and Crick
|
|
DNA stands for
|
Deoxyribonucleic acid
|
|
Each nucleotide has...
|
A phosphate, a 5 carbon sugar and one of the 4 bases
|
|
The Purine bases are
|
Adenine and Guanine
|
|
The Pyrimidine bases are
|
Thymine and Cytosine
|
|
What kind of bons link the bases?
|
Hydrogen bonds
|
|
What does the genetic code consist of?
|
3 DNA or RNA bases in sequence which codes fot he production of a particular amino acid
|
|
What is DNA replication?
|
Replication is the formation of an exact copy
|
|
Stages in DNA replication - ONE -
|
The double helix unzips
|
|
Stages in DNA replication - TWO
|
Enzymes break down the hydrogen bonds
|
|
Stages in DNA replication - THREE
|
The complimentary strands now move apart
|
|
Stages in DNA replication - FOUR
|
Free nucleotides move in and attach to exposed strands
|
|
Stages in DNA replication - FIVE
|
The DNA recoils
|
|
What is DNA profiling?
|
A DNA profile is a unique pattern of bands from a person's DNA that is used for comparison
|
|
What is DNA profiling used in?
|
Paternity tests and crime investigation
|
|
DNA profiling - ONE
|
An uncontaminated sample is obtained
|
|
DNA profiling - TWO
|
The cells are broken down and the DNA released
|
|
DNA profiling - THREE
|
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific base sequences
|
|
DNA profiling - FOUR
|
The fragments are seperated according to length
|
|
DNA profiling - FIVE
|
The fragments are palced in a gel and an electric current is passd through
|
|
DNA profiling - SIX
|
A photograph is obtained and the fragments appear like a bar code
|
|
What is genetic screening?
|
Genetic screening means testing a person's DNA for the presence or absence of an abnormal or altered gene
|
|
What is RNA?
|
Ribonucleic acid
|
|
What does RNA contain instead of the base Thymine?
|
Uracil
|
|
Is RNA single or double stranded?
|
Single stranded
|
|
Where is RNA found?
|
The cytoplasm and the nucleus
|
|
What are the three types of RNA?
|
tRNA - Transfer RNA
mRNA - Messenger RNA rRNA - Ribosomal RNA |
|
What are the 2 main steps in protein synthesis?
|
Transcrption and translation
|
|
What is the role of mRNA?
|
mRNA carries a copy of the DNA instructions fromt he nucleus to the ribosomes and carries a start and stop code.
|
|
What is the role of tRNA?
|
tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosomes
|
|
What is the role of rRNA?
|
rRNA helps mRNA bind to the ribsome
|
|
Where does translation take place?
|
The ribosome
|