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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell Membrane
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aka plasma
made of phospholipids plus some proteins and cholesterol. regulates what enters and leaves the cell. |
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Cytoplasm
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aka cytosol
nonorganelle part of the cell, mixture of many chemicals, can transport and dissolve chemicals |
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Cell Wall
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absent in animals
in plants made of cellulose, a polysaccharide, in bacteria made of complex structures, in fungi made of chitin, a polysaccharide, in protists cell wall structure varies |
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Mitochondrion
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where cell releases most of the energy as ATP, has some of its own DNA, site of cellular respiration except for glycolysis
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Plastids (3 parts)
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found in plants.
a. Chloroplasts-site of photosynthesis, transforms solar energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose sugar, also has own DNA b. Leucoplasts- store starch or lipids c.Chromoplasts-give color to plants |
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Nucleus
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Contains nuclear membrane, nucleolus, nucleoplasm, and chromatin (DNA) (chromosomes when chromatin is condensed), -control center where DNA is copied and RNA is made.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
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where proteins and other chemicals are made.
Rough ER- has ribosomes and makes proteins Smooth ER-lacks ribosomes and makes lipids and detoxifies chemicals |
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Smooth ER
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lacks ribosomes and makes lipids and detoxifies chemicals
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Rough ER
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has ribosomes and makes proteins
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Golgi Apparatus (GA)
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packages and processes chemicals made elsewhere
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Vesicles
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Tiny membraned bags that contain chemicals released from ER, GA, or elsewhere. Can be realeased from cell or sent elsewhere in the cell. (releasing called exocytosis)
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Vacuole
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large to very large bag that contains chemicals food or regulates cell osmotic pressure. Food vacuole formed by phagocytosis
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Lysosome
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"suicide bag" that contains digestive enzymes for intracellular digestion.
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Ribosomes
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made of two subunits of RNA and protein which are used to make new proteins
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Cell Wall
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gives support and protects cell. in plants is made of cellulose, in fungi is made of chitin, in bacteria is made of several chemicals
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