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20 Cards in this Set

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Leptina.
  • Hormona derivada de adipocitos.
  • Actúa en el cerebro (hipotálamo).
  • Influencia apetito, gasto energético y función neuroendócrina.
Apetito, origen.
  • Factores múltiples: aferentes neuronales, hormonas y metabolitos.
  • Cerebro (hipotálamo).

Apetito, factores neuronales.

Estímulos vagales.



  • Información visceral (distensión visceral).

Apetito, señales hormonales.
  • Leptina.
  • Insulina.
  • Cortisol.
  • Péptidos viscerales.

Péptidos viscerales.
  • Grelina.
  • Péptido YY.
  • Colecistoquinina.

Apetito, metabolitos.

Glucosa.

Propósito final de los factores que influencian el apetito.

Expresión y liberación de péptidos hipotalámicos.

Péptidos hipotalámicos.
  • NPY.
  • AgRP.
  • α-MSH.
  • MCH.

NPY, significado de las siglas.

Neuropéptido Y.

AgRP, significado de las siglas.

Proteína r-Agouti.

α-MSH, significado de las siglas.

Hormona estimuladora de melanocitos α.

MCH, significado de las siglas.

Hormona concentradora de melanina.

Vías de señalización con las que se integran los neuropéptidos relacionados al apetito.
  • Serotoninérgicas.
  • Catecolaminérgicas.
  • Endocanabinoides.
  • Opioides.

Factores externos que influyen en el apetito.
  • Psicológicos.
  • Culturales.

Factores que conforman el gasto energético.
  1. Tasa metabólica basal o de reposo.
  2. Costo energético del metabolismo alimenticio.
  3. Efecto térmico del ejercicio.
  4. Termogénesis adaptativa.

Gasto energético diario correspondiente a la tasa metabólica basal.

70% aproximadamente.

Gasto energético diario correspondiente a la actividad física activa.

5-10%.

Mutación genética protectora contra la obesidad.

Eliminación focalizada del receptor de insulina en el tejido adiposo.

Sitio donde ocurre la termogénesis adaptativa.

Tejido Adiposo Pardo (TAP, BAT en inglés).

Función del tejido adiposo blanco.

Almacenamiento de energía en forma de lípidos.