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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Atom |
The simplest level of organization in our hierarchy |
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Molecule |
Twoor more atoms that are chemically bonded together |
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Cells |
Make up the cellular level or organization and they are the smallest living unitof a living organism |
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Tissue |
Composed of similar cells working together to performa specific function |
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4 Types of Tissues |
EpithelialTissues, Connective Tissues, Muscle Tissue and Nervous Tissue. |
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Organ |
A specialized structure of the body that performs a specific task and is composedof several different types of tissues. |
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Organ System |
A collection oforgans that work together to carry out specific functions in the body |
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What is anatomy? |
The study of body structures |
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What is physiology? |
The study of the function of structures |
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What are the two major subdivisions of anatomy? |
Macroscopic and microscopic |
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What are the "other divisions" of anatomy? |
developmental, pathological, radiographic |
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What are the subdivisions of macroscopic anatomy? |
systemic, regional, and surface |
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What are the subdivisions of microscopic anatomy? |
cytology and histology |
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What is systemic anatomy? |
Studying structures that work together to accomplish a specific function |
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What is an example of systemic anatomy? |
The digestive system |
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What is regional anatomy? |
Studying all of the structures in a particular area ("region") of the body |
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What is an example of regional anatomy? |
Looking at and identifying all of the structures of a head |
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What is surface anatomy? |
A study of visible landmarks on the exterior of the body. |
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What is an example of surface anatomy? |
Using landmarks in the wrist to feel a pulse |
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If a surgeonwere going to operate on the heart, he/she would be using a knowledge of whattypes of anatomy to make the operation a success? |
Bothregional and macroscopic anatomy |
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What is Cytology? |
A study of the structure of individual cells |
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What is histology? |
A study of the structure of tissues |
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What is developmental anatomy? |
A study of how structures change between conception and death |
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What is embryology? |
A type of developmental anatomy but specific to the changes that occur between conception and birth |
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What is pathological anatomy? |
A study of how disease affects structures. Can be at macro or microscopic level |
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What is radiologic anatomy? |
A study of macroscopic structures using various imaging techniques; x-rays, ultrasound, MRI, etc. |
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Studying whathappens to the normal size and shape of bones between 12 months and 12 years ofage is an example of what? |
Developmental antaomy |
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A friend isconcerned about a new, large bump in the neck. When he goes to the doctor, he/she is also concerned and sends yourfriend to have the large bump removed. Later, when it is examined, the cells are found to be cancerous. Which of the following was NOT used in this diagnostic process? |
Developmental anatomy |
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What is levels of organization? |
Examining the organization of the body at different levels |
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What is the level of organization (from bottom to top)? |
Chemicals, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ System, Organism |
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Organelles |
Combine and work together to form cells |
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Organ system: Integumentary System |
Protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature |
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Organ system: Skeletal System |
Provides support; protects tissues; stores minerals; forms blood cells |
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Organ System: Muscular System |
Allows for locomotion; provides support; produces heat |
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Organ System: Nervous System |
Directs immediate responses to stimuli, usually by coordinating the activities of other organ system |
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Organ System: Endocrine System |
Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems |
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Organ System: Cardiovascular System |
Transports cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases |
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Organ System: Lymphatic System |
Defends against infection and disease; returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream |
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Organ System: Respiratory System |
Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur between air and circulating blood; produces sound |
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Organ System: Digestive System |
Processes food and absorbs nutrients |
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Organ System: Urinary System |
Eliminates excess water, salts, and waste products |
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Organ System: Male Reproductive System |
Produces sex cells and hormones |
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Organ System: Female Reproductive System |
Produces sex cells and hormones; supports embryonic and fetal development from fertilization to birth |