Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Monosaccharides |
simple sugars with multiple OH groups. Based on number of OH groups. Based on number of carbons. A monosaccharide is a triose, tetrose, pentose or hexose. divided into 2 families D and L sugars. |
|
Disaccharide |
2 monosaccharide covalently linked |
|
Oligosaccharides |
A few monosaccharides covalently linked |
|
Polysaccharides |
Polymers consisting of chains of monosaccharide or disaccharide units. |
|
Carbohydrates |
Carbohydrates are chiral molecules, typically but not always L-aminos, D-sugars. |
|
mutarotation |
Cyclic sugars show mutarotation as alpha and beta anomeric forms interconvert. |
|
Anomers |
cyclic sugars that differs only in positions of substituents at the hemiacetal carbon. |
|
Important simple monosaccharides |
glucose. mannose. galactose. fructose. ribose. |
|
glucose |
An aldose sugar which forms a pyranose ring structure. Preferred source of energy in most living systems. |
|
Fructose |
The most abundant ketose sugar which forms a furanose ring structure. A constituent of sucrose but also present as a free sugar. |
|
Mannose |
Found in the carbohydrate chains of glycoproteins. |
|
Galactose |
Is formed from the disaccharide lactose which is major carbohydrate in milk. |
|
N-acetylglucosamine |
Chitin is a structural polysaccharide. Is composed on repeating units of N-acetylglucosamine. |
|
reducing sugars |
Carbohydrates that react in basic solution with mild oxidizing agents are classified as reducing sugars. |