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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
external respiration
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occurs outside the cells
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internal respiration
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takes place inside the cells
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how does the transport system go with the respiratory system?
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the transport system delivers nutrients to the body cells--in the cells, nutrients combine with oxygen to release energy to the body
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breathing
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the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood0---takes place in the lungs
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how does air move into and out of the lungs?
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because of the differences in air pressure between the chest cavity and the outside environment
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what factors affect your breathing rate?
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foreign particles from smoking or air pollution, and the oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide levels in the blood, especially the carbon dioxide level (when co2 level decreases, so does breathing rate)
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cellular respiration
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enery-releasing process that takes place inside living cells--involves the exchange of gases between the blood and tissue fluid and the cells---oxygen combines chemically with sugar to release energy with co2 and water as waste products
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explain the passages of the respiratory system?
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air enters the respiratory system through the nostrils, then move through nasal passages to the throat. the nasal passage is lined with muscous membrane and cilia. the cilia filters the air and the mucous membranes moisten and warm it before it enters the pharynx. air passes through the pharynx and enters the glottis, the opening to the trachea. the trachea transports air to the bronchial tubes and cilia pushes it----bronchial tubes divide into smaller tubes called bronchioles that end in air sacs called the alveoli. as blood passes through the capillaries, oxygen carried from the air is absorbed from the alveoli. carbon dixoide and water vapor are released from the bloodstream into the alveoli
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epiglottis
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covers the glottis (opening to the windpipe) during swallowing to prevents food from entering the glottis and trachea
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larnyx
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voice box
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lung
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organ made up of a bronchus with its bronchioles and alveoli. --humans have two located in the left and right chest cavity--divided into 3 lobes (right) and 2 lobes (left)---
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pleural membrane
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membrane that covers teh lungs and secretes moisture that allows the lungs to move smoothly
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what are the air pressure changes that allows air to leave and enter the lungs caused by?
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the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm and rib muscles during inhalation and exhalation
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explain the movement of the diaphasm and rib muslces during inhalation and exhalation
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INHALE- diaphragm moves DOWN and rib muscles move UPWARD and OUTWARD
EXHALE- diaphragm moves UP to its orginal position and ribs move IN, making your chest cavity smaller and forcing air out of the lungs |
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bronchitis
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inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes
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asthma
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bronchial tubes narron, which prevents oxygen from enteriing the lungs--adrenaline is given to open air passages
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emphysema
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lung disease in which alveoli become large and break down--shortness of breath
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lung cancer
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tumors in the lungs
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pneumonia
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infection of the lungs caused by bacteria or virus---alveoli fills with fluid preventing proper exchange of gases and making breathing difficult--some types treated with antibiotics
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