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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Island Biogeography?
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The study of spatially isolated communities.
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What is a True Island?
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Terrestrial habitats surrounded by water
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What is a Virtual Island?
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Fragments of habitats surrounded by an inhospitable habitat
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Species-Area Relationship
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For certain taxa, species diversity increases with island area.
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Equilibrium Theory between Colonization and Extinction
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As the number of species increases, the rate of colonization decreases.
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Decreasing Island Size...
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Increases the extinction rate.
Increases the colonization rate. |
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Increasing Island size...
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Decreases the extinction rate.
Decreases the colonization rate. |
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Big Islands close to the mainland are species rich?
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Yes
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What characterizes an Ecosystem?
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1. Abiotic Environment
2. Producers (plants) 3. Consumers 4. Decomposers |
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Energy vs. Matter in Ecosystems
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Matter cycles in ecosystems.
Energy flows one way through an ecosystem |
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Autotrophs
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Carbon fixers, and most but not all photosynthesize. Most energy is used for metabolism and less is used for biomass
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Food Chain
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1 possible path of energy flow in an ecosystem
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Food Web
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All the possible paths of energy flow in an ecosystem.
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Trophic Level
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Each step in the food chain is a trophic level
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Production Efficiency in an ecosystem
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The percent of assimilated (eaten) material that becomes biomass.
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Trophic Transfer Efficiency in an ecosystem
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Overall transfer from 1 trophic level to the next. Typically around 10%
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What is an Eltonian Pryamid?
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A diagram that depicts the flow of energy and matter through food chains. Represents trophic transfer efficency
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What are the 3 types of Eltonian Pryamaids?
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1. Abundance Pyramid
2. Biomass Pyramid 3. Production Efficency/Area Pyramid-the correct one |
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Ecosystem Productivity
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NPP varies between ecosystems. The open ocean is actually the largest primary producer.
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What regulates NPP?
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Sunlight, temperature, water, nutrients, carbon dioxide. Mostly due to photosynthesis
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What regulates a terrestrial ecosystem?
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Water and temperature
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What regulates an aquatic ecosystem?
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Light and Nutrients
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Coastal Upwelling
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Upward moving water along the coast that is full of nutrients. Cycles nutrients
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Biogeochemical Cycles
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Factors that affect the flow of H,C,O,N,P,S.
1. Type and size of reserves 2. Rate of movement between reserves 3. Interaction between different cycles |
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Nutrient Cycles
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Nitrogen, Phosphorus, minerals, and vitamins cycle between living tissue and inorganic forms. Regenerated by decomposers.
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Nitrogen Cycle
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Atmospheric Nitrogen cycles by being fixed into different molecules
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Phosphorus Cycle
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It's recycled in soil and water (not air)
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Water Cycle
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Clouds move around the world and transport water.
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Carbon Cycle
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Atmospheric CO2 helps plants. The largest carbon reserve is in fossil fuels, which are greenhouse gases-reflect heat back to the earth's surface.
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