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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Most everything is regulated by
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Isoleucine
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What happens in allosteric inhibition?
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Active site changes shape
---> substrate cannot bind |
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What is an allosteric site?
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Additional site on enzyme where ONLY a regulatory molecule can bind
(NOT AN ACTIVE SITE) |
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What happens to the substrate when the inhibitor binds to the active site?
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Substrate cannot bind (competitive inhibition)
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What term means the reaction does not occur?
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Inhibit
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Non protein, organic molecules
- often carrier/ transport molecules (vitamins) |
Coenzyme
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What 2 factors affect enzyme function?
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Temperature
pH |
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Non protein enzyme helpers
- usually inorganic (iron) |
Cofactor
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When shape changes to hold substrate?
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Induced fit
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An induced fit where the enzyme changes shape after substrate binds
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Active site
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How do enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions?
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Hold reactant in position that reaction is most likely to occur
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How do enzymes catalyze reactions?
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Decrease amount of NRG needed, lower course of reaction
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Free NRG needed to start a reaction
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Activation energy
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Chemical reaction
Anabolic (small to big) Needs NRG NON-SPONTANEOUS |
Endergonic reaction
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Chemical reaction with +🔺G
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Endergonic
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Chemical reaction
Catabolic (big to small) Gives NRG SPONTANEOUS |
Exergonic (NRG is EXiting)
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Chemical reaction with -🔺G
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Exergonic
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Processes with a positive 🔺G are
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Non spontaneous
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Processes with a negative 🔺G are
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Spontaneous
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What does 🔺G stand for?
What is it's formula? |
Gibbs Free Energy
G(products) - G(reactants) |
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This occurs with NRG in a chemical reaction (requires NRG)
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Non spontaneous processes
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This occurs without NRG input and increased entropy... a chemical reaction
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Spontaneous processes
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What is entropy (s)?
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Disorder/ randomness
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What is the second law of thermodynamics?
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Transformation of NRG increases entropy of the universe
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In the first law of thermodynamics:
Energy can _______ Energy cannot______ |
NRG can transfer
NRG cannot be created/ destroyed |
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What is the first law of thermodynamics?
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Total NRG in the universe is constant
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Study of NRG and it's transformations
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Thermodynamics
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Big to small
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Catabolic pathways
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Small to big
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Anabolic pathways
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Proteins that catalyze a reaction
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Enzyme
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