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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Light dependent reactions |
Make ATP and reduce NADP+ to NADPH |
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Light independent reactions |
a.k.a carbon fixation Use ATP and NADPH to synthesize organic molecules from CO2 |
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Photoelectric effect |
Removal of an electron from a molecule by light |
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Absorption spectrum |
Range and efficiency of photons is capable of absorbing |
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What happens as a photon strikes a molecule? |
It’s lost as heat or absorbed by the electrons of the molecule |
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Chlorophyll a |
Main pigment Acts directly to convert light energy to chemical energy |
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Chlorophyll b |
Accessory pigment Absorbs light wavelengths that chlorophyll a doesn’t absorb |
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Porphyrin ring |
Ring structure with alternating double and single bonds Magnesium in the center |
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What happens in the porphyrin ring? |
Photons excite electrons in the rings Electrons are shuttled away from the ring |
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Action spectrum |
Relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of light in promoting photosynthesis |
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Carotenoids |
Can absorb photons with wide range of energies Antioxidant |
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Phycobiloproteins |
Important in low light ocean areas |
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Photosystem |
Reaction center complex surrounded by light harvesting complexes Has 1* chlorophyll a molecules Passes excited electrons out |
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Light harvesting complexes |
a.k.a antenna complexes Transfer energy of photons to the reaction center Accessory pigments |
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Photosystem II |
Functions first Wavelength 680 Oxidize water |
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Photosystem I |
Functions second Wavelength 700 Functions like sulfur bacteria |
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Cyclic Photophosphorylation |
Generated ATP by electron transport Anoxygenic photosynthesis Proton gradient |
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Noncyclic photophosphorylation |
Linear electron flow Photosystem replenished with electrons obtained by splitting water Z diagram |
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Calvin Cycle |
C3 photosynthesis Attach CO2 to RuBP to form PGA Rubisco In chloroplast stroma |
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Three stages of Calvin cycle |
Carbon fixation Reduction Regeneration of RuBP |
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Carbon fixation process |
RuBP and CO2 -> PGA |
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Reduction phase of Calvin cycle |
PGA reduced to G3P |
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Regeneration of RuBP |
PGA used to regenerate RuBP |
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G3P |
3 carbon sugar Used to form sucrose and make starch |
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Photorespiration |
Rubisco adds O2 instead of carbon dioxide in Calvin cycle |
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Carboxylation |
Add CO2 to RuBP Stomata open under normal conditions |
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C4 |
CO2 in four carbon compounds |
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What are the two types of leaf cells in C4 plants? |
Bundle sheath cells Mesophyll cells |
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Bundle sheath cells |
Tightly packed sheaths around veins of leaf |
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Mesophyll cells |
Loosely packed between the bundle sheath and leaf surface |