Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Should let the patient rest for this long before taking BP
|
5 minutes
|
|
True or False You can evaluate the JVP in children under 12
|
False
|
|
True or False You may need to lower the bed to evaluate JVP in hypovolemic patietns
|
True
|
|
True or False Carotid pulsations are affected by inspirations or position
|
False
|
|
An increase in JVP may indicate these risks
|
left ventricular end diastolic pressure, low LV ejection fraction
|
|
Prominent a waves in evaluating JVP may be associated with ?
|
increased resistance such as tricuspid stenosis, 1st degree AV block, SVT, junctional rhythms, pulmonary hypertension and pulmonic stenosis
|
|
This rhythm may have absent a waves
|
Atrial fibrillation
|
|
Pressing on the carotid sinus causes...
|
syncope
|
|
bounding carotid pulse
|
aortic insufficiency
|
|
weak, thready carotid pulse
|
cardiogenic shock
|
|
Having patient turn to left lateral decubitus, allows you to better auscultate an S3 which may indicate...?
|
mitral stenosis
|
|
S2 heard louder here
|
apex
|
|
S1 heard louder here
|
base
|
|
True or False The carotid upstroke and apical impulse occur in systole
|
True
|
|
Accompany loud harsh murmurs such as aortic stenosis, pda, ventricular septal defects, mitral stenosis
|
thrills
|
|
Situs inversus
|
Liver, stomach and heart on right side
|
|
apical impulse may be displaced upward and to the left
|
in pregnancy
|
|
lateral displacement of apical impulse
|
chf, cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease
|
|
PMI > 3 cm suggests...
|
left ventricular enlargement
|
|
True or False A normal PMI is bounding and slow
|
False, it is brisk and tapping
|
|
Causes of increased amplitude of PMI
|
hyperthyroidism, severe anemia, pressure overload of left ventricle
|
|
May be able to assess PMI in COPD patients here
|
epigastrium
|
|
True or False A palpable S2 at the left 2nd interspace suggests systemic hypertension
|
False suggests pulmonary hypertension, the right 2nd interspace with palpable S2 indicates systemic hypertension and possibly aortic aneurysm
|
|
Picks up high pitched sounds of S1 and S2, aortic and mitral regurgitation and pericardial friction rubs
|
The diaphragm
|
|
Picks up low pitched sounds of S3 and S4 and murmur of mitral stenosis
|
The bell
|
|
This position accentuates aortic murmurs
|
Sitting and leaning forward
|
|
falls between S1 and S2
|
systolic murmur
|
|
falls between S2 and S1
|
diastolic murmur
|
|
This murmur is loud and often radiates to right side of neck
|
aortic stenosis
|
|
grade of murmur heard without stethoscope
|
grade 6
|
|
Usually indicates severe left sided heart failure and felt best by applying pressure on the radial or femoral arteries. Alternately loud/soft sounds or sudden doubling of heart rate as cuff declines
|
Pulsus alternans
|
|
large drop in systolic pressure during inspiration
|
Paradoxical pulse
|
|
Most common reason for paradoxical pulse
|
obstructive airway disease
|
|
True or False Normal pulse pressure is 20-30mm Hg
|
False Pulse pressure is normally 30-40mmHg
|
|
Cause of bisferiens pulse
|
aortic regurgitation
|
|
varying S1
|
found in complete heart block and irregular rhythms
|
|
True or False Systolic clicks are caused by mitral valve prolapse
|
True; squatting delays click/murmur and standing moves them closer to S1
|
|
True or False S3 is commonly heard in 2nd trimester of pregnancy
|
False, the 3rd trimester
|
|
True or False A pathologic S3 sounds like "Tennessee"
|
False; sounds like "Kentucky"; the left sided S4 sounds like "Tennessee"
|
|
To hear tricuspid regurgitation murmur, listen here
|
left lower sternal border
|