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82 Cards in this Set
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abbreviate
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shorten, abridge - to reduce (anything) in length, duration, etc.; make briefer: to abbreviate a speech.
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brevi(s) short
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abstinence
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act of refraining from -Abstinence implies the willful avoidance of pleasures, especially of food and drink, thought to be harmful or self-indulgent
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present participle of abstinre, to hold back. See abstain.
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abstract
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not applied to actual objects - theoretical; not applied or practical - to make an abstract of; summarize
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trahere, to draw
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acquired
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developed or learned; not naturally occuring - To get by one's own efforts
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from Latin acqurere, to add to : ad-, ad- + quaerere, to seek, get
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adulation
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high praise - to show excessive admiration or devotion to; flatter
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ad- toward and indicated direction, tendency, or addition
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aesthetic
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having to do with the appreciation of beauty
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affable
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easy-going; friendly
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af- var. of ad- before f - fr, to speak
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alienated
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removed or disassociated from (friends, family, or homeland)
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ali-, base of alius other
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alienate
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To cause to become unfriendly or hostile
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alleviate
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to ease a pain or a burden
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var. of ad- before l - levi(s) light, not heavy
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alliance
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a union of two or more groups
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al- al- + ligāre to bind - see alloy and ligament
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ambiguous
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having several possible meanings or interpretations - lacking clearness or definiteness
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ambi- both
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ambivalent
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simultaneously having opposing feelings; uncertainty, esp. when caused by inability to make a choice or by a simultaneous desire to say or do two opposite or conflicting things
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valēns), prp. to be strong
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amenable
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ready or willing to answer, act, agree, or yield; open to influence, persuasion, or advice; agreeable
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"able - a suffix meaning capable of, susceptible of, fit for, tending to, given to, associated in meaning with the word able, occurring in loanwords from Latin (laudable); used in English as a highly productive suffix to form adjectives by addition to stems of any origin (teachable; photographable)Also, -ble, -ible.
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amicable
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characterized by or showing goodwill; friendly; peaceable
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amīc(us) friend, friendly
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ample
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describing a large amount of something - of adequate or more than adequate extent, size, or amount; large; spacious; roomy
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amplus wide, large
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anachronistic
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something or someone that is not in its correct historical or chronological time, esp. a thing or person that belongs to an earlier time: The sword is an anachronism in modern warfare.
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ana- “up,” “against,” “back,” chrono- “time,” -ic - used as an adjective-forming suffix with the particular senses “having some characteristics of” (opposed to the simple attributive use of the base noun) (balletic; sophomoric); “in the style of” (Byronic; Miltonic); “pertaining to a family of peoples or languages” (Finnic; Semitic; Turkic).
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anecdote
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short account of event
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anonymous
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of unknown name; lacking individuality, unique character, or distinction
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an- “not,” “without,” “lacking”; -onym- word,” “name”; -ous - a suffix forming adjectives that have the general sense “possessing, full of” a given quality (covetous; glorious; nervous; wondrous)
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antagonist
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opponent
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Gk agon struggle, contest (agony); anti- a prefix meaning “against,” “opposite of,” ; -ist a suffix of nouns, often corresponding to verbs ending in -ize or nouns ending in -ism, that denote a person who practices or is concerned with something, or holds certain principles, doctrines, etc.
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anthology
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a collection of literary pieces
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logos Gk lógos a word, saying, speech, discourse, thought
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apathetic
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feeling or showing little emotion - not interested or concerned; indifferent or unresponsive
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a- “not,” “without; Gk páthos suffering, sensation
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apparatus
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equipment; a group of machines
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ap- variation of ad-;parāre to set, get ready;
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apprehension
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anxiety or fear about the future
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"ap- variation of ad-; prehendere to seize; a suffix, appearing in words of Latin origin, denoting action or condition, used in Latin and in English to form nouns from stems of Latin adjectives (communion; union), verbs (legion; opinion), and esp. past participles (allusion; creation; fusion; notion; torsion).
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arbiter
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a judge who decides a disputed issue
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arbitrary
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determined by impulse rather than reason
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ary - The suffix has the general sense “pertaining to, connected with” the referent named by the base; it is productive in English, sometimes with the additional senses “contributing to,” “for the purpose of,” and usually forming adjectives: complimentary; visionary; revolutionary; inflationary
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archaic
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characteristic of an earlier period; extremely old-fashioned
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ic a suffix forming adjectives from other parts of speech, occurring originally in Greek and Latin loanwords (metallic; poetic; archaic; public) and, on this model, used as an adjective-forming suffix with the particular senses “having some characteristics of” (opposed to the simple attributive use of the base noun) (balletic; sophomoric); “in the style of” (Byronic; Miltonic); “pertaining to a family of peoples or languages” (Finnic; Semitic; Turkic). B30
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arid
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extremely dry - describing a dry, rainless climate
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a suffix occurring in descriptive adjectives borrowed from Latin, often corresponding to nouns ending in -or1
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assertion
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a declaration or statement
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L assertus joined to, defended, claimed
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assiduous
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hard-working
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as- variation of ad-; + sed- (s. of sedēre to sit + ous-a suffix forming adjectives that have the general sense “possessing, full of” a given quality (covetous; glorious; nervous; wondrous);
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Adversity
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misfortune
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vert- turn
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assimilation
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to absorb; to make similar
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as- var. of ad- before s: assert. simil(is) like, similar; -ion a suffix, appearing in words of Latin origin, denoting action or condition, used in Latin and in English to form nouns from stems of Latin adjectives (communion; union), verbs (legion; opinion), and esp. past participles (allusion; creation; fusion; notion; torsion).
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astute
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shrewd; clever
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asylum
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sanctuary - a place of retreat or security
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auspicious
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favorable; promising
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from auspex, auspic-, bird augur; -ous a suffix forming adjectives that have the general sense “possessing, full of” a given quality (covetous; glorious; nervous; wondrous)
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austere
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without decoration; strict
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benevolent
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friendly, helpful - well-meaning; generous
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form of bene (adv.) well, akin to bonus good; vol- to wish; -ent - same as -ant; -ant -ant has the general sense “characterized by or serving in the capacity of” that named by the stem (ascendant; pretendant), esp. in the formation of nouns denoting human agents in legal actions or other formal procedures (tenant; defendant; applicant; contestant). In technical and commercial coinages, -ant is a suffix of nouns denoting impersonal physical agents (propellant; lubricant; deodorant).
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benign
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kind and gentle
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form of bene (adv.) well, akin to bonus good; -ign gignere to beget
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biased
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prejudiced; a particular tendency or inclination, esp. one that prevents unprejudiced consideration of a question; prejudice.
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brittle
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easily broken when subjected to pressure
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brusque
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rudely abrupt
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camaraderie
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trust among friends
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camouflage
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to hide by blending in with surroundings
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candor
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sincerity; openness
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capricious
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impulsive and undpredictable
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catalog
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v: to make an itemized list of
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caustic
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bitingly sarcastic or witty
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circuitous
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indirect, roundabout
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in a circular way
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clandestine
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secretive
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clarity
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clearness in thought or expression
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from Latin clarus, clear, bright
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cogent
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convincing; reasonable
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co- + ag-, s. of agere to drive; -ent - same as -ant; -ant -ant has the general sense “characterized by or serving in the capacity of” that named by the stem (ascendant; pretendant), esp. in the formation of nouns denoting human agents in legal actions or other formal procedures (tenant; defendant; applicant; contestant). In technical and commercial coinages, -ant is a suffix of nouns denoting impersonal physical agents (propellant; lubricant; deodorant).
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coherent
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logically connected
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co- + haerēre to stick, cling; -ent - same as -ant; -ant -ant has the general sense “characterized by or serving in the capacity of” that named by the stem (ascendant; pretendant), esp. in the formation of nouns denoting human agents in legal actions or other formal procedures (tenant; defendant; applicant; contestant). In technical and commercial coinages, -ant is a suffix of nouns denoting impersonal physical agents (propellant; lubricant; deodorant).
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cohesive
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condition of sticking together
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co- + haerēre to stick, cling; -ive a suffix of adjectives (and nouns of adjectival origin) expressing tendency, disposition, function, connection, etc.: active; corrective; destructive; detective; passive; sportive.
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collaborate
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to work together
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col- var. of com- before l; com- a prefix meaning “with,” “together,” “in association,” and (with intensive force) “completely,” occurring in loanwords from Latin (commit): used in the formation of compound words before b, p, m: combine; compare; commingle; + labor work;
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compassion
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sympathy, mercy
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; pas- Latin from pat, to suffer
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compelling
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forceful; urgently demanding attention
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com- a prefix meaning “with” ; + pellere to push, drive
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comprehensive
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large in scope or context
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compromise
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to settle differences
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conception
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the ability to form or understand an idea
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com- a prefix meaning “with” ; + pellere to push, drive
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condemn
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to express strong disapproval of; denounce
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con- a variation of com- meaning "with " or "completely"; cep- variation of capere - to seize; -ion a suffix, appearing in words of Latin origin, denoting action or condition, used in Latin and in English to form nouns from stems of Latin adjectives (communion; union), verbs (legion; opinion), and esp. past participles (allusion; creation; fusion; notion; torsion).
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condescending
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treating people as weak or inferior
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con- variation of com - meaning "with" or "completely"; L dē-, prefix - from, away from, of, out of; -scendere, form of scandere to climb
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conditional
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provisional, contingent
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congregation
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crowd of people
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con- variation of com- meaning "with"; + greg- flock ;
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consensus
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general agreement
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contemporary
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current, modern; from the same time
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con- variation of com- meaning "with" or "in association"+ tempor- time; -ize - “to convert into, give a specified character or form to” (computerize; dramatize; itemize; motorize), “to subject to (as a process, sometimes named after its originator)” (hospitalize; terrorize; galvanize; oxidize; simonize; winterize). Also formed with -ize are a more heterogeneous group of verbs, usually intransitive, denoting a change of state (crystallize), kinds or instances of behavior (apologize; moralize; tyrannize), or activities (economize; philosophize; theorize).
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contemptuous
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feeling hatred; scornful
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contempt
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context
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circumstances of a situation; environment
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convergence
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joining of parts
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con- variatio of com- meaning "with"; L vergere to turn, bend, be inclined;
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conviction
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a fixed or strong belief
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convoluted
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intricate; complex
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con- variation of com- meaning "with"; + volvere to roll, turn, twist
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copious
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plentiful; having a large quantity
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cordial
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friendly; sincere
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coup
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a brilliantly executed plan
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cryptic
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difficult to comprehend
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decorous
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proper; marked by good taste
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deleterious
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harmful; having a harmful effect; injurious
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derived
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copied or adapted from a source
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despotic
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exercising absolute power; tyrannical
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dictatorial
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domineering, oppressively overbearing
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diligent
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hard-working
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discredit
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dishonor, disgrace
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disdain
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to regard with scorn - to look down on
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