Asia Climate And Natural Vegetation

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Factors that affect the climate of asia

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Huge size of the continent

Height and direction of mountain ranges

Great latitudinal extent

Seasonal change in the direction of wind

open nature of the boundary with Europe

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Winter Season

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During the winter(mid-November to mid- March), the rays of the sun fall vertically on the Tropic of Capricorn. Thus, the central part of Asia which is at a great distance from the sea,becomes extremly cold. This leads to development of a high pressure area in the central part of asia. Cold and dry winds blow outward from this high-pressure region. Thus a major part of asia does not get rainfall during the winter season.

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Monsoon winters

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When these winds blow over the sea, they are able to pick up some moisture, which causes rain mostly in the coastal areas. During winter, Japan, southeast Asia, the southeastern coast of India and Sri Lanka receive rainfall from these winds. These are also called the Winter Monsoons. The areas in the western part of asia around ghe Mediterranean Sea, also receive some rainfall during the winter seasin due to the cyclones coming from the west

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Summer Season

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During summer( mid- March to mid- September), the rays of the sun fall vertically on the Tropic of Cancer. Thus, the central part of Asia becomes hot and the average temperature is around 30° celsius. This leads to the development of low-pressure area in the central part of Asia. The main water bodies( the Indian Ocean an the Pacific Ocean) are comparitavely cooler at this time. Thus the high pressure are located above the Indian and the Pacific Ocean

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Summer Monsoons

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1. The winds, during the summer season, blow from the areas of high- pressure over the Indian and Pacific Oceans, towards the areas of low pressure and over the central part of asia. As these winds blow from sea to land, they are full of moisture and cause heavy rainfall in almost all parts of Asia. These winds are also called the Summer Monsoons

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Distribution of Annual Rainfall(Heavy)

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More than 200 cm per year. In the equatorial region, the southern face of the Himalyan mountains and the coastal areas of southeast Asia.

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Distribution of annual Rainfall(Moderate rainfall

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100 cm to 200 cm per year. In some parts of India,southeast Asia, central and southern China, the Philippines and Japan

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Distribution of annual rainfall(Low rainfall)

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Less than 50 cm per year. In southwest Asia, central Asia, Siberia and the plateaus of the central highlands

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Climate(Equatorial type)

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Found between 10°N and 10°S latitudes. Found in Malaysia, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and the southern part of the Philppines.

The temperature is high and about 30°C and annual range of temperature is 3°C. There is heavy rainfall and it occuts everyday. The rain is convectional in nature. The heat is oppressive due to high humidity

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Climate(Monsoon Type)

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Found in India,Pakistan,Bangladesh,Myanmar,Thailand,Cambodia. Here the Monsoon wind, which change their direction from season to season, influence the climatic conditions. Summers are hot and wet, Winters are cool and dry. Distinct rainy season

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Climate(Tropical Desert type)

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Found in the Arabian Desert in Saudi Arabia and the Thar Desert in India and Pakistan. Great difference between the day and night temperatures, due to the rapid heating of land during day and cooling at night. The summers are hot and winters are cold. The rainfall is scanty.

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Mid-Latitude Desert Type

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Found in the high plateaus and basins in central Asia, including Gobi Desert.Far away from water bodies and thus have a extreme type of climate. Summer is hot and winters are cold. Precipitation summers- scanty rainfall and Winters- Snow

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Mediterranean Type

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Found along the coast of Mediterranean Sea. Parts of Turkey,Israel, Syria, Jordan and Lebanon. Summers- hot and dry and Winters - Cool and Wet. Precipitation - Moderate Rainfall

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Temperate Grassland Type

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Found in Siberia and Mongolia. South of Taiga Belt. Summers - warm and Winters - cold. Annual range of temperature is high. Rainfall scanty mostly in summers. Ranges between 25 cm to 60 cm per year.

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China Type

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Found in eastern part of Asia, including Central China, Northern China Southern Japan, North Korea and South Korea. Here the summers are warm and the winters are cold. The January temperatures are generally below the freezing point.Summer season mostly rains and winter season not absolutely dry. Occasional storms

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Manchurian Type

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Found in northeast China and the northern parts of Japan. Summers- short and warm and moderate rainfall and Winters - Long and Cold and heavy snowfall. Cloudiness is common in all seasons

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Taiga Type

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Found in Broad Belt through northern Russia and towards the south of Tundra Type. Winter - Cold and Long, Summers - Waem and Short. Summers- Light rainfall and Wintets - Snow. Amount of precipitation - 25 cm to 50 cm

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Tundra Type

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Found along the northern coast of asia. Here the winters are long and very cold, while the summers are short and cool. Covered with snow for 8 to 9 months. The precipitation is los and mostly in form of snow or sleet

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Natural Vegetation(Tundra Type)

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Found along the northetn coast of Asia. Covered with snow for most of the year. Moss and lichen. Vegetation can withstand extreme conditions. Animals found are reindeer, polar bear and polar dog. seal and walrus found in arctic ocean.

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Natural Vegetation(Taiga Type)

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Found in broad belt in the central part of Siberia. Precipitation low but sufficient for growth of trees as evaporation is low. Belt of coniferous trees. Main trees are pine, fir, spruce and cedar. Softwood trees used for timber and for making pulp, paper and rayon. Fur bearing animals like bear, polar fox, sable and mink

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Natural Vegetation(Steppe Type)

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South of Taiga Type. Broad Belt of temperate grasslands in Siberia and Mongolia. Climate is suitable for growth of short grasses. Antelopes, mules and wolves are common animals here.

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Natural Vegetation(Desert Type)

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Found in parts of southwest and central Asia. South west asia a hot desert and central asia a cold desert in Tibet. Vegetation is grass, thorny bushes and shrubs. Amels and asses found un hot deserts and yak is foumd in cold desert

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Natural Vegetation(Temperate Type)

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Found in northeastern part of asia. Mixed forests of both deciduous and evergreen trees. Main types of trees are oak, magnolia, camelia and camphor and mulberry trees thrive best in this regionbanimals found are apes, monkeys, foxes, peasants and cranes

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Natural Vegetation(Mediterranean Type)

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Found in areas bordering Mediterranean Sea in Asia. Vegetation in this regiin can withstand a long dry summer season. The trees have long rootsm thicknbark and waxy leaves. Important trees are oak, chestnut, walnut, acacia and olive. Fruit trees grow well in this region. Most of he land is cleared for agriculture. Thus there is hardly any wildlife.

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Natural Vegetation(Monsoon Type)

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Found mostly in south, southeast amd east Asia. Distribution of vegetation is influenced by the amount of rainfall and the height of land above the mean sea level. The areas with heavy rainfall have thick evergreen forests, while other areas have deciduous forests. Teak, sal, rosewood, sandal, pipal and neem are deciduous trees and shed their leaves in the dry winters. Bamboo bushes are found in many parts. Animals in this region are tigers, leopards, rhinoceres,elephants, stage and deer

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Natural Vegetation( Equatorial type)

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Found in Malaysia, Indonesia and The Phillipines. Close to equator. Climatic conditions ideal for the growth of dense evergreen forests. Common hardwood trees are rosewood, mahogany, rubber and cinchona. Coastal areas have mangrove swamps. Forest havea dense undergrowth of shrubs and creepers. Animals either live on trees or in the thickbforests. Main species are monkeys, sloth, lizards, snakes, apes and elephants