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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Isotopes |
Are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. |
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Relative isotopic mass |
Is the mass of an atom of an isotope compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. |
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Relative atomic mass (Ar) |
Is the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. |
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Relative molecular mass (Mr) |
Is the weighted mean mass of a molecule compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. |
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Relative formula mass |
Is the weighted mean mass of a formula unit compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. |
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Amount of substance |
1 mole. (Is the quantity whose unit is the mole) |
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The Avogadro constant (NA) |
Is the number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope (6.02 x 1023 mol-1) |
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A mole |
Is the amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of the carbon-12 isotope. |
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Molar mass (M) |
Is the mass per mole of a substance (gmol-1) |
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The empirical formula |
Is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound. |
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The molecular formula |
Is the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule. |
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Molar volume |
Is the volume per mole of a gas. (dm3 mol-1) / (24.0dm3 mol-1) |
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A standard solution |
Is a solution of known concentration. |
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A species |
Is any type of particle that takes part in a chemical reaction. |
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Stoichiometry |
Is the molar relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction. |
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An acid |
Is a species that is a proton donor. |
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A base |
Is a species that is a proton acceptor. |
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An alkali |
Is a type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions. |
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A salt |
Is any chemical compound formed from an acid when a H+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal ions or another positive ion, such as the ammonium ion NH4+. |
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A cation |
Is a positively charged ion. |
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An anion |
Is a negatively charged ion. |
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Hydrated |
Refers to a crystalline compound containing water molecules. |
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Anhydrous |
Refers to a substance that contains no water molecules. |
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Water of crystallisation |
Refers to water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound. |
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An oxidation number |
Is a measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of another element. |
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Oxidation |
Is loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number. |
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Reduction |
Is gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number. |
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A redox reaction |
Is a reaction in which both reduction an oxidation take place. |
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A reducing agent |
Is a reagent that reduces another species. |
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An oxidising agent |
Is a reagent that oxidises another species. |