Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The Indians of the Americas began as
|
a homogenious group but over thousands of years they diversified into hundreds of distinct cultures and languages
|
|
North america's connection with England
|
gave them what unity they could sustain
|
|
Demographic Differences
|
Life expectancy, ration of men to women and family structure
|
|
Carribean Demograhic differenced
|
all male, multi-ethica, beccaneering societies living for plunder; in the sugar colonies men often died by 40, slaves sooner; when families did emergy, smalled number of children
|
|
As colonies shifted farther north
|
life expectancy rose, families were larger and social structure changed
|
|
Race/ Ethnicity of West Indies
|
predominantly African w/ a controlling European minority
|
|
1730s Virginia
|
alsomst 40% African slaves, Delaware and Hudson Valleys mostly white but NY and NJ deeply entrenched in slavery
|
|
Race/Ethnicity/ Economy of Middle Atlantic Region
|
Settlers from all over northwestern Europe (England Germany Netherlands Scotland Sweden) were creating a new ethnic mosaic, NJ Penn
|
|
English colonists were a minority, outnumbered by
|
Dutch, then Germans, scots and Irish
|
|
The Farther south one whent
|
the more diverse the population
|
|
Slavery and Staple Crops
|
Sugar, rice and tobacco
|
|
Farming went with
|
family labor
|
|
Wheat Belt
|
Middle Atlantic colonies
|
|
1693: founding of
|
college of William and Mary; Chesapeake area; Latin Grammer school founded in Annapolis
|
|
1636: Founding of
|
Harvard College in Massachusetts
|
|
1642: Education
|
Requiered every town to have a writing school and larger towns to support a Latin grammer school in order to trustrate 'ye olde deluder, Satan'
|
|
Jesuits founded a 'Collge' in
|
Quebec
|
|
Secular Functions
|
relief for the poor
|
|
Chesapeake colonies government
|
Primarily counties and later townships
|
|
New England Governments
|
township; counties were created later; towns large enough to support more than one church also adopted the parish system; most English of all colonies
|
|
West Indian Governments
|
royal governmnets by the 1660's
|
|
Proprietary forms
|
dominated the mainland south of New England except Virgina
|
|
Patterns of Mainland Inheritance
|
women could sometimes inherit property, land divided between all sons
|
|
Primogeniture
|
one son gets all the lanf
|
|
1640's were a time of
|
chaos for england; relized colonies brought few benehits
|
|
West Indian Governments
|
royal governmnets by the 1660's
|
|
Proprietary forms
|
dominated the mainland south of New England except Virgina
|
|
Patterns of Mainland Inheritance
|
women could sometimes inherit property, land divided between all sons
|
|
Primogeniture
|
one son gets all the lanf
|
|
1640's were a time of
|
chaos for england; relized colonies brought few benehits
|
|
Royal power collapsed in the
|
1640s; The Dutch taking advantage of England's charos helped finance the SUGAR REVOLUTION in Barbadoes seized control of trade
|
|
1650
|
most sugar and tobacco exports were going to Amsterdam, not london
|
|
Indians who wanted to drive out Europeans
|
Miantonomo and Opechancanough
|
|
1643-1647
|
Iroquois nearly wiped out New france; Alogonquians almost destroyed New Netherland; Susqquehannock nearly wipe out Maryland
|
|
Miantonomo
|
sachem of the Narragansetts, called for a war of extermination against settlers, to be launched in the 1643 by suprise attack; abandoned plans when settlers found out
|
|
New England Confederation
|
New England, Massachusetts, Plymough, Connecticut and New Haven, created defense allance in 1643; persuaded Mohegans to kill Miantonomo
|
|
1650
|
Debris of civil war was cleared away and the extent of the Dutch commerical domination became obvious to English
|
|
Mercantilism
|
the belief that power of a state depends on its economy more than on armies or the silver or gold that paid for them
|
|
Mercantilists believed that
|
power dervied from the wealth of a country that increase of wealth required vigorous trade and that colonies were essenial to that growth
|
|
From perspective of the english, the _____ had to control the commerce
|
State
|
|
Dutch Favored
|
virtual free trade
|
|
England preferred
|
some kind of state regulation of the domestic and imperial economy
|
|
Catholic and Protestant wars killed
|
1/3 german population
|
|
As time passed, statesmen began to look favorably upon
|
greed
|
|
The pursuit of flory or love inspires
|
intense but unpredictable activity, however greed fosters predictable behavior, namely the pursuit of self interest
|
|
Early mercantilists assumed that there was a
|
fixed supply of wealth in the world
|
|
The Growth of trade might
|
multiply the wealth of the entire world, with all nations benefiting
|
|
Mecantilism was a
|
major breakthough toward modernity
|
|
________ by contrast, marked a revolution of human imagination precisely because it could envision endless progress
|
mercantilism
|
|
First Navigation act
|
english mercants all agreed a nations wealth depended on its balance of trade, that a healthy nation should export more than it imports and that the difference, or balance should be converted into military strength
|
|
Early mercantilists assumed that there was a
|
fixed supply of wealth in the world
|
|
The Growth of trade might
|
multiply the wealth of the entire world, with all nations benefiting
|
|
Mecantilism was a
|
major breakthough toward modernity
|
|
________ by contrast, marked a revolution of human imagination precisely because it could envision endless progress
|
mercantilism
|
|
First Navigation act
|
english mercants all agreed a nations wealth depended on its balance of trade, that a healthy nation should export more than it imports and that the difference, or balance should be converted into military strength
|
|
After 30 years war ends
|
protestant allies Sweden, Netherlands and England no longer had reason to fight
|
|
NA- 1650
|
Parliment bans foreign ships from English colonies
|
|
NA- 1651
|
Paliament passes the first navigation act
|
|
Details of First Navigation Act
|
Asian or African goods could be imported into the British Isles or colonies only in English owned ships; master of the ship and half the crew must be english; european goods could be imported into britian or colonies, butcould not be foreign
|
|
Barbados greeted the Navigation Acts by problaiming
|
virtual independence
|
|
1654- Oliver Cromwell
|
Sends Parliament home, makes peace with the dutch
|
|
1660 New Royalist Parliament
|
Under Charles II; Invalidates all legislation passed during the commonwealth period, however, the cavaliets quickly reenaced and extended the orginal Narvigation Act
|
|
Navigation Act of 1660
|
Required all colonial trade be carried on English Ships; master of the shop and 3/4 crew had to be English
|
|
Enumerated Commodities
|
sugar and tobacco; permitted these products to be shipped from the colny only to england or another english colony
|
|
Staple Act of 1663
|
Parliament regulars the good going to the colonies; with few exceptions, products from Europe, Asia or Africa had to lang in England before they could go to the colonies
|
|
Plantation uty Act of 1673
|
required captains of colonial ships to post bond in the colonies that they would deliver all enumerated commoditites
|