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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
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skeletal
cardiac smooth |
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the types of muscle tissue differ in _________, _________, __________, and _____________
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structure, location, function, and means of activation
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skeletal and smooth muscle cells are elongated and are called _______________
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muscle fibers
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What are the 2 kinds of myofilaments muscle contraction depend on?
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actin and myosin
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muscle plasma membrane
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sarcolemma
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cytoplasm of a muscle cell
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sacroplasm
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myo, mys, and sarco all refer to muscle
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prefixes
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packaged in skeletal muscles that attach to and cover the bony skeleton
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skeletal muscle tissue
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give 4 facts about skeletal muscle tissue
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1. has obvious stripes called striations
2. is controlled voluntarily 3. contracts rapidly but tires easily 4. responsible for overall body motility |
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___________ occurs only in the heart
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cardiac muscle tissue
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give 3 facts about cardiac muscle tissue
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1. striated like skeletal muscle but is not voluntary
2. contracts at a fairly steady rate set by the heart's pacemaker 3. neural controls allows the heart to respond to changes in bodily needs |
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found in the walls of hollow visceral organs, such as the stomach, urinary bladder, and respiratory passages
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smooth muscle tissue
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give 2 facts about smooth muscle tissue
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1. forces food and other substances through internal body channels
2. not striated and is involuntary |
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_____________ are responsible for all locomotion
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skeletal muscles
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____________ is responsible for coursing the blood through the body
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cardiac muscles
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____________ helps maintain blood pressure, and squeezes or propels substances (i.e., ,food, feces) through organs
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smooth muscle
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muscles also __________, ___________, and ____________
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maintain posture, stabilize joints, and generate heat
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each muscle is a discrete organ composed of _____________, ____________, _____________, and ________________
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muscle tissue, blood vessels, nerve fibers, and connective tissue
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the three connective tissue sheaths are:
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1. endomysium
2. perimysium 3. epimysium |
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fine sheath of connective tissue composed of reticular fibers surrounding each muscle fiber
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endomysium
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fibrous connective tissue that surrounds groups of muscle fibers called fascicles
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perimysium
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an overcoat of dense regular connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle
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epimysium
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each muscles is served by _________, ________, and ____________
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one nerve, an artery, and one or more veins
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each skeletal muscle fiber is supplied with a nerve ending that _____________________
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controls contraction
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require continuous delivery of oxygen and nutrients via arteries
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contracting fibers
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_________ must be removed via veins
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wastes
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most skeletal muscles ____________ and are attached to he bone in at least two places
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span joints
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when muscles contract the movable bone, the muscle's insertion moves toward the _______________, the muscle's origin
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immovable bone
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muscles attach __________ and _______
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directly and indirectly
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epimysium of the muscle is fused to the perosteum of a bone
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directly attached
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connective tissue wrappings extend beyond the muscle as a tendon or aponeurosis
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indirectly attached
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each fiber is a long, cylindrical cell with multiple nuclei just beneath the ___________
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sarcolemma
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densely packed, rodlike contractile elements
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myofibrils
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myofibrils make up most of the ___________
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muscle volume
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the arrangment of myofibrils within a fiber is such that a perfectly aligned repeating series of _________________________________ is evident
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dark A bands and light I bands
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smallest contractile unit of a muscle
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sarcomeres
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sarcomeres is the region of a myofibril between two successive _________
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Z discs
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carcomeres are composed of myofilaments made up of __________________
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contractile protiens
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what are the 2 types of myofilaments
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thick and thin
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extend the entire length of an A band
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thick filaments
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extend across the I band and partway into the A band
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thin filaments
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coin-shaped sheet of proteins (connectins) that anchors the thin filaments and connects myofibrils to one another
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z-disc
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thick filaments are composed of the protein _______
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myosin
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thiin flaments are chiefly composed of the protein ____________
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actin
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