Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
consists of skin, hair, oil, and sweat glands, nails, and sensory receptors
|
inteugmentary system
|
|
the largest organ of the body in surface area and weight
|
the skin
|
|
the principal parts of the skin are the
|
epidermis and dermis
|
|
epidermis means
|
superficial
|
|
dermis means
|
deep
|
|
deep to the dermis and not part of the skin. anchors the dermis to underlying tissues and organs. contains pacinian corpuscles
|
subcutaneous layer
|
|
another name for the subcutaneous layer is the:
|
hypodermis
|
|
epidermal layers from deep to superficial are
|
1)stratum basale
2)stratum spinosum 3)statum granulosum 4)stratum luicdum 5)stratum corneum |
|
arranged in four or five layers and produce the protein keratin
|
karatinocytes
|
|
8% of epidermal cells. means black. produce pigament melanin
|
melanocytes
|
|
yellow-red or brown-black pigament that contributes to skin color and absorbs damaging ultraviolet light
|
melanin
|
|
arise from red bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. they participate in immune response and are easily damaged by UV light.
|
langerhans cells
|
|
their role in the immune response is to help other cells of the ummune system recognize an invading microbe and distrory it
|
langerhans cells
|
|
least numerous of the epidermal calls.
located in the depest layer of the epidermis where they contact the flattened process of sensory neuron |
merkel cells
|
|
detect touch sensations
|
merkel cells
|
|
the dermis consists of
|
papillary and reticular regions
|
|
composed of areolar connective tissue containing thin collagen and fine elastic fibers.
|
papillary region
|
|
composed of dense irregular connective tissue containing bundles of thick collagen and some coarse elastic fibers, adipose tissue, hair follicles, oil glands and sweat glands
|
reticular region
|
|
provide the basis for fingerprints and footprints
|
epidermal ridges
|
|
the color of skin is due to:
|
melanin
carotene hemoglobin |
|
accessory structures of the skin (hair, skin glands, and nails) develop from the
|
embryonic epidermis
|
|
consists of a shaft, most of which is superficial to the surface, a root the penetrates the dermis and a hair collicle
|
a hair
|
|
associated with ecah hair follicle is a
|
sebaceous (oil) gland, an arrector pili muscle, and a hair root plexus
|
|
new hairs develop from divison of
|
hair matrix cells in the bulb
|
|
hair replacement and growth occure in a
|
cyclical pattern consistening of
growth regression resting stages |
|
hairs offer a limited about of
|
protection (from the sun, heat loss, and entry of foreign particiles into the eyes, nose and eyes
|
|
sensing light touch
|
hair
|
|
lanugo of the fetus is shed
|
before birth
|
|
terminal, coarse, pigmented
|
body hair on males
|
|
vellus, fine
|
body hair on females
|
|
connecetd to hair follicles
|
subaceous (oil) glands
|
|
they are absent from the palms and soles
|
sebaceous glands
|
|
moistens hair and waterproofs the skin
|
sebum
|
|
produces sebum
|
sebaceous glands
|
|
clogged sebaceous glands produce
|
acne
|
|
two types of sudoriferous *Sweat* glands
|
eccrine and apocrine
|
|
involved in thermoregulation and waste removal and are stimulated during emoitonal stress
|
eccrine
|
|
limited to the skin of the groin. their ducts open into hair collicles. stimulated during emotional stress and sexual excitement
|
apocrine
|
|
modified sudoriferous glands that secrete cerumen. found in the auditoral canal(ear)
|
ceruminous
|
|
hard, dead, keratinized epidermal cells over the dorsal surfaces of the distal protions of the digits
|
nails
|
|
principal parts of a nail are:
|
nail body
free edge nail root lunula eponychium nail matrix |
|
what produces new nails
|
cell divison of the nail matrix
|
|
the skin coveres all parts of the body except
|
palms, and palmar surfaces of the digits and soles
|
|
what covers the palms, palmar surfaces of the digits and soles
|
thick skin
|
|
skin functions include
|
body temperature regulation
blood storage protection sensation exretion absoption and synthesis of vitamin D |
|
liberating sweat as its surface and by adjusting the flow of blood in the dermis.
|
thermoregulation
|
|
the skin provides __ that help protect the body
|
physical, chemical, and biological barries that help protect the body
|
|
include tactile sensations, thermal sensations, and pain
|
cutaneous sensations
|
|
the central protion of the wound usually extends down to the dermis; the wound edges involve only superficial damage to the epidermal cells
|
epidermal wound
|
|
repaired by enlargement and migration of basal cells, contact inhibitationm and division of migrating and stationary basal cells
|
epidermal wounds
|
|
a blood clot unites the wound edges, epithelial cells migrate across the wound. vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels enhance delivery of phagocytes and cells devlope into fibroblasts
|
inflammatory phase
|
|
fibroblasts migrate along fibrin threads and begin synthesizing collagen fibers and glycoproteins
|
migratory phase
|
|
epithelial cells grow extensively
|
proliferative phase
|
|
the scab sloughs off, the epidermis is restored to normal thickness, collagen fibers become more organizedm fibroblasts begin to disappear and blood vessels are restored to normal
|
maturation phase
|
|
the epidermis devleops from the
|
embryonic ectoderm and the accessory structures of the skin
|
|
hair, nails, and skin glands are
|
epidermal derivatives
|
|
the dermis is derived from
|
mesodermal cells
|
|
most effects of agingn begin to occure when people reaach
|
their late forties
|