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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What suborder are lemurs classified as? |
Strepsirhini |
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What suborder are monkeys classified as? |
Haplorhini |
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What suborder are apes classified as? |
Haplorhini |
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What suborder are humans classified as? |
Haplorhini |
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What infraorder are apes classified as? |
Catarrhini |
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What infraorder are Old World Monkeys classified as? |
Catarrhini |
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What infraorder are New World Monkeys classified as? |
Platyrrhini |
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What infraorder are humans classified as? |
Catarrhini |
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What superfamily are humans and apes classified as? |
Hominoidea |
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What superfamily are Old World Monkeys classified as? |
Cercopithecoidea |
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What suborder are tarsiers classified as? |
Haplorhini |
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What infraorder are tarsiers classified as? |
Tarsiiformes |
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Physical Characteristics of Strepsirhini |
- wet nose - relatively smaller brain - no postorbital closure - orbits with more lateral orientation - tapetum lucidum (help seeing at night) - unfused mandible - molars w/ high, pointy cusps - long snout - split upper lip - toothcomb - grooming claw |
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Physical Characteristics of Haplorhini |
- dry nose - relatively larger brain - postorbital closure - orbits w/ more forward orientation - no tapetum lucidum (help seeing at night) - fused mandible - molars with flatter cusps - shorter snout - continuous upper lip - nails on all digits |
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Physical Characteristics Tariers DON'T have |
- fused mandible - molars with flatter cusps - nails on all digits |
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Physical Characteristics of Tarsiiformes |
- vertical clingers and leapers - huge eye orbits for nocturnality - unfused mandible - grooming claw - molars w/ sharp, pointy cusps
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Physical Characteristics of Platyrrhini (NWM) |
- side-directed nostrils - dental formula 2133 - no bony ear tube - some w/prehensile tail |
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Physical Characteristics of Catarrhini (OWM) |
- forward or down-directed nostrils - dental formula 2123 - bony ear tube |
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Physical Characteristics of Ceropithecoidea (OWM) |
- bilophodont molars - narrow thorax - tail (not prehensile) |
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Physical Characteristics of Hominidea |
- largest relative brain size - Y5 molars - broad thorax - no tail |
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Characteristics of Primates |
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Folivory |
leaf-eating
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Frugivory |
fruit-eating |
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Gramnivory |
seed-eating |
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Gummivory |
gum-eating |
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Insectivorous |
insect-eating |
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Omnivourous |
variety of plant/animal matter |
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Where were new world monkeys located? |
South/Central America |
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Where were old world monkeys located? |
Africa and Asia |
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Where were lemurs located? |
Africa |
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Analogy |
Feature evolves independently in different groups as a result of similar evolutionary pressures resulting in similar adaptations
Ex: dolphin |
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Homology |
Features of two groups may be similar because their common ancestor had the feature and both descendant groups inherited it.
Ex: dog & bear = humerus |
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Why are homologous features useful? |
They reflect evolutionary relationships and can help with classification. |
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Primitive Features |
Vertebral column is a primitive feature for vertebrates. |
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Derived Features |
Features shared by and unique to mammals, distinct and changed from those of the common ancestor.
Ex. primates have opposable thumbs, but not all mammals do |
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Examples of New World Monkeys |
Spider monkey, capuchins, squirrel monkeys, marmosets and tamarins. |