Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
abnormal hemoglobin |
Hemoglobin altered so that it is less efficient in binding to and carrying oxygen |
|
admixture |
The exchange of genetic material between two or more populations |
|
balanced polymorphism |
Situation in which selection maintains two or more phenotypes for a specific gene in a population |
|
capillaries |
Small blood vessels between the terminal ends of arteries and the veins |
|
deme |
A local population of organisms that have similar genes, interbreed, and produce offspring |
|
demic diffusion |
A population's movement into an area previously uninhabited by that group |
|
directional selection |
Selection for one allele over the other alleles, causing the allele frequencies to shift in one direction
|
|
disruptive selection |
Selection for both extremes of the phenotypic distribution; may eventually lead to a speciation event
|
|
endogamous |
Refers to a population in which individuals breed only with other members of the population
|
|
equilibrium |
A condition in which the system is stable, balanced, and unchanging
|
|
exogamous |
Refers to a population in which individuals breed only with nonmembers of their population
|
|
fitness |
Average number of offspring produced by parents with a particular genotype compared to the number of offspring produced by parents with another genotype
|
|
founder effect |
The accumulation of random genetic changes in a small population that has become isolated from the parent population due to the genetic input of only a few colonizers
|
|
frameshift mutation |
The change in a gene due to the insertion or deletion of one or more nitrogen bases, which causes the subsequent triplets to be arranged and the codons to be read incorrectly during translation
|
|
gene pool |
All the genetic information in the breeding population
|
|
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) |
An enzyme that aids in the proper functioning of red blood cells; its deficiency, a genetic condition, leads to hemolytic anemia
|
|
Hardy-Weinburg law of equilibrium |
A mathematical model in population genetics that reflects the relationship between frequencies of alleles and of genotypes; it can be used to determine whether a population is undergoing evolutionary changes
|
|
hemoglobinopathies |
A group of related genetic blood diseases characterized by abnormal hemoglobin
|
|
hemolytic anemias |
Conditions of insufficient iron in blood due to the destruction of red blood cells resulting from genetic blood diseases, toxins, or infectious pathogens
|
|
Huntington's chorea |
. |
|
induced mutations |
. |
|
Klinefetter's syndrome |
. |
|
macroevolution |
. |
|
melanic |
. |
|
microevolution |
. |
|
mutagens |
. |
|
nonmelanic |
. |
|
nonsynonymous point mutation |
. |
|
point mutations |
. |
|
positive selection |
. |
|
reproductive isolation |
. |
|
sickle-cell anemia |
. |
|
spontaneous mutations |
. |
|
stabilizing selection |
. |
|
synonymous point mutation |
. |
|
thalessemia |
. |
|
transposable elements |
. |
|
anthropogenic |
Refers to any effect caused by humans |