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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
stocker
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weaned cattle that are grazed on grass or fed on high roughage diets. generally weigh 350-550 lbs when started.
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barrow
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a castrated male pig
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caprine
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refers to goats
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3 sire breeds of cattle
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charolais, chianina, limousin (continental)
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yorkshire pigs have _____ ears
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erect
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the most valuable hair is produced by ____ angora goats
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kid
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adaptation
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long terms changes in animals in response to their environment that are genetically based
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body temperature of horses
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100 F
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body temperature of cattle
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101.5 F
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body temperature of sheep and goats (same)
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102.3 F
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body temperature of swine
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102.5 F
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body temperature of chickens
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107.1 F
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animals grow best ____________
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between their lower critical temp. (LCT) and upper critical temp (UCT). or in their comfort zone (TNZ)
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thyroxine (hormone)
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increases during cold stress. stimulates metabolic activity
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in the US, the _____ months are more limiting to livestock production because most farms animals are not well adapted.
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summer
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the cheapest and simplest method of reducing heat stress due to solar radiation
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shade
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shades are oriented _____ to ______ to dry the ground out
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North-South
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water intake during heat stress increases ______%
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50-100%
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___ cycle when days get shorter
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Ewes
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_____ cycle when days get longer
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mares
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the 7 principles of HACCP
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conduct hazard analysis. determine critical control points. establish critical limits. establish monitoring procedures. establish corrective actions. establish verification procedures. record keeping.
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hyperplasia
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increase in # of cells
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hypertrophy
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increase in cell size
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feed conversion for swine
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3.5 : 1
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what happens during the first 2/3 prenatal period?
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most increase is in muscle weight. hyperplasia- increase in fiber #
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order of fat deposition (4)
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perinephric, intermuscular, subcutaneous, intramuscular
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3 leanest farm animals
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bulls, rams, boars
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general effects of epinephrine
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mobilizes glycogen from liver, and dilates pupils
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hormones that went thru your body when you got first exam
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epinephrine and norepinephrine (both)
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only nutrient with nitrogen
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protein
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4 fat-soluble vitamins
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A D E K
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2 water-soluble vitamins
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B C
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vitamin needed for blood clotting
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K
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animal having headaches and pushing head up against a post has a deficiency of what?
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thiamin
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we need Ca and P in what ratio?
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2 : 1 (Ca : P)
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_________ deficiency causes convulsions, salivation, frothing at mouth
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magnesium
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3 basic rights concerning food
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1- food is a basic human right, 2- choice is a consumer right, and 3- sustainability is an environmental right
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by 2050, we will need 100% more food and ___% will come from better technology
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70
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fastest growing meat in consumption terms
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poultry
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3 factors influencing consumption of animal products
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price, health issues, food safety concerns
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clone
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an individual grown from a single somatic cell of its parent and genetically identical to it
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estrus
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the period of mating activity in the female. when a female is receptive to the male
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farm animal with the highest gestation period
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horse
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most expensive cooling
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refrigeration
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4 reasons for colic in winter
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energy intake in increased, activity is decreased, stalls are not well ventilated, stalls are not dry
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e coli 0157 comes from
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feces, undercooked meat
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eating turkey then getting sick, most likely because of
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salmonella
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most valuable fat in meat
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intramuscular
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hormone that increases milk production
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bST
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3 sources of water
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drinking water, water in feed, matabolic water
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nutrient with highest energy density
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fat
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dry matter % of hay
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no less than 80%. most likely 90%
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