Andrewsbio Bacteria

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Eubacteria

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Kingdom of prokaryotic, unicellular organisms whose cell walls have peptidoglycan.

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Prokaryote

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Cells that do not have a nucleus or organelles.

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Unicellular

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Organisms that have only one cell.

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Archaebacteria

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Kingdom of prokaryotic, unicellular organisms whose cell walls do not have peptidoglycan. These can be found in harsh environments, such as very hot or very salty.

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Flagella

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Long, thin structure that some bacteria can use for movement.

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Nonmotile

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Something that does not move is called this.

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Obligate aerobe

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An organism is this if it must have oxygen to breakdown its food.

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Obligate anaerobe

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An organism is this if it cannot be exposed to oxygen.

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Facultative anaerobe

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An organism is this if it can use oxygen to breakdown its food, or it can breakdown food without oxygen.

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Antibiotic

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A compound that that can block the growth of a bacterium.

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Sterilization

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A way to make sure that there are no bacteria on something. Usually done with high heat or chemicals.

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Binary Fission

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Asexual reproduction in bacteria. The bacterium replicates its DNA and then splits in half.

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Conjugation

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Sexual reproduction in bacteria. The two bacteria exchange pieces of DNA (plasmids).

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Endospore

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A structure that a bacterium can make to wait out harsh environmental conditions. They can stay dormant for years.

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Nitrogen Fixation

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Process by which bacteria take nitrogen from the air and fix it in to a form that plants can use.

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Pili

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Small, thin structures that help bacteria stick to things.