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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Etruscans
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alien culture, civilization who invaded and were hated by Romans, Romans swore never to have monarchy again
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Romulus and Remus
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Romulus founded Rome and killed Remus so he couldn't take over
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Patricians
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wealthy upper class held the power and influence and could sit in Senate
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Plebians
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lower class consisted of farmers, had little or no power, were only used for land or arms because they could fight in the army
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Quaestors
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financial officials who assisted the consuls
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Nobiles
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New class formed by wealthy Plebians marrying Patricians; they could be a part of the Senate
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Law of the 12 Tables
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first attempt to codify Rome's harsh customs, Greatest contribution of Rome because people now knew their relationship to the law and they knew their rights
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Hortensian Law
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any bill introduced by Plebian assembly would become law without Senate's approval
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Foederati
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allies of Rome
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Punic Wars
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conflicts between the Romans and the Carthaginians
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Hannibal
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was in command of Carthaginian forces in Spain during the Second Punic War
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Latifundia
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abandoned farms were taken over by the wealthy, turned into large plantations for growing cash crops
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Populares
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roman politicians who sought to pursue a political career based on the support of the people rather than just the aristocracy
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Optimates
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represented the interests of the Patricians and the Senate (called themselves the Best People)
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Tiberius Gracchus
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made a land reform bill that no one could own or lease 620-640 acres or else it would be distributed among the Plebians;this caused conflict because land owners weren't happy, most people opposed the idea
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Gaius Gracchus
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also wanted change, he proposed the reelection of consuls and tribunes, administrative reforms, and the citizenship for non Romans
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Marius
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takes Plebians and pays them to be in the army so they are more loyal to Marius than they are to Rome
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1st Triumvirate
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Pompey, Crassus, Julius Caesar controlled rome with each having their own army. Pompey has legions, Crassius is manipulative with money, and Julius Caesar has support of Plebians. Crassius pays JC's debts, JC's daughter Julia marries Pompey
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2nd Triumvirate: Lepidus, Marc Antony, Octavian
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they join together to fight the assassins, and Octavian comes out as master of the Mediterranean world
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Julio-Claudian Emperors
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Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero
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Flavian Emperors
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Vespasian, Titus, Domitian
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Antonine or 5 Good Emperors
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Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Anotnius Pius, Marcus Aurelius
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Diocletion
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makes tetrarchy- one consul above 2 augusti, above 2 caesars
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Constantine
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comes to throne to stabilize Rome-used Christianity as moral force of unification of empire; first Christian emperor of Rome
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Theodosius
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during his rule, Rome becomes un-Roman because the barbarians are all moving into Rome
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Salic Law
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Germanic custom: only sons can inherit territory or property
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Cicero
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lawer/statesman that wrote documents about philosophy, he was an honest politician
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Vergil
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wrote about the glory of Rome
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Celsus
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wrote manual on surgery
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Roman Law
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greatest contribution of Rome
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Fall of Rome
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-taxation avoided by upper class, -lead pipes, -they didn't have their own culture anymore
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