Anatomy Test 1: Upper Arm & Shoulder

Front 1

Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Adduction

Back 1

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi

Front 2

Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Abduction

Back 2

Deltoid, supraspinatus

Front 3

Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Flexion

Back 3

Pectoralis major (clavicular part), deltoid (anterior part), coracobrachialis, biceps brachii

Front 4

Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Extension

Back 4

Latissimus dorsi, deltoid (posterior part)

Front 5

Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Medial Rotation

Back 5

Subscapularis, pectoralis major, deltoid (anterior), latissimus dorsi, teres major

Front 6

Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Lateral Rotation

Back 6

Infraspinatus, teres minor, deltoid (posterior)

Front 7

What are the rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder?

Back 7

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis

Front 8

Origin of Supraspinatus

Back 8

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Front 9

Insertion of Supraspinatus

Back 9

Superior facet of great tubercle of humerus

Front 10

What nerve innervates the supraspinatus?

Back 10

Suprascapular nerve

Front 11

What is the action of the supraspinatus?

Back 11

Abducts arm

Front 12

Origin of Infraspinatus

Back 12

Infraspinous fossa

Front 13

Insertion of Infraspinatus

Back 13

Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Front 14

What nerve innervates the infraspinatus?

Back 14

Suprascapular nerve

Front 15

What is the action of the infraspinatus?

Back 15

Rotates arm laterally

Front 16

Origin of Teres Minor

Back 16

Upper portion of lateral border of scapula

Front 17

Insertion of Teres Minor

Back 17

Lower facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Front 18

What nerve innervates teres minor?

Back 18

Axillary nerve

Front 19

What is the action of teres minor?

Back 19

Rotates arm laterally

Front 20

Origin of Subscapularis

Back 20

Subscapular fossa

Front 21

Insertion of Subscapularis

Back 21

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Front 22

What nerves innervate the subscapularis?

Back 22

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

Front 23

What is the action of the subscapularis?

Back 23

Adducts and rotates arm medially

Front 24

Origin of Deltoid

Back 24

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

Front 25

Insertion of Deltoid

Back 25

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Front 26

What nerve innervates the deltoid?

Back 26

Axillary

Front 27

What is the action of the deltoid?

Back 27

Abducts, flexes, extends, and rotates the arm medially and laterally

Front 28

Origin of Teres Major

Back 28

Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula

Front 29

Insertion of Teres Major

Back 29

Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 30

What nerve innervates the teres major?

Back 30

Lower subscapular nerve

Front 31

What is the action of the teres major?

Back 31

Adducts and rotates arm medially

Front 32

Origin of Latissimus Dorsi

Back 32

Spines of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 9-12

Front 33

Insertion of Latissimus Dorsi

Back 33

Floor of biciptal groove of humerus

Front 34

What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?

Back 34

Thoracodorsal

Front 35

What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?

Back 35

Adducts, extends, and rotates arms medially

Front 36

Origin of Serratus Anterior

Back 36

External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs

Front 37

Insertion of Serratus Anterior

Back 37

Inserts into anterior surface of medial border of scapula

Front 38

Action of Serratus Anterior

Back 38

Stabilizes scapula, laterally rotates scapula, protracts scapula

Front 39

What nerve innervates serratus anterior?

Back 39

Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Front 40

Superior transverse scapular ligament

Back 40

spans roof of suprascapular notch forming a foramen

Front 41

Suprascapular nerve

Back 41

passes through suprascapular notch foramen and innervates supra and infraspinatus muscles

Front 42

Boundaries of Quadrangular Space

Back 42

1. Teres major
2. Teres minor
3. Long head of triceps
4. Surgical neck of humerus

Front 43

Quandrangular space contains what nerves?

Back 43

Axillary nerve, posterior circumflex humeral artery

Front 44

Boundaries of Triangular Space

Back 44

1. Teres major
2. Teres minor
3. Long head of triceps

Front 45

Triangular space contains what artery?

Back 45

Circumflex scapular artery (branch of subscapular artery)

Front 46

C5 dermatome

Back 46

tip of shoulder

Front 47

C6 dermatome

Back 47

thumb

Front 48

C7 dermatome

Back 48

index finger

Front 49

C8 dermatome

Back 49

little finger

Front 50

T1 dermatome

Back 50

medial arm

Front 51

Most commonly injured tendon of rotator cuff

Back 51

supraspinatus

Front 52

Fractures of surgical neck of humerus damage what nerve?

Back 52

Axillary...resulting in deltoid paralysis/weakness

Front 53

Sternoclavicular joint is what type of joint?

Back 53

'saddle type' synovial joint

Front 54

SC joint capsule reinforced by...

Back 54

anterior and posterior SC ligaments, interclavicular ligament

Front 55

Costoclavicular ligament

Back 55

anchors sternal end of clavicle to 1st rib

Front 56

Acromioclavicular joint is what type of joint?

Back 56

plane type synovial joint between acromion and clavicle

Front 57

Acromioclavicular ligament

Back 57

provides superior strength to the joint capsule

Front 58

Coracoclavicular 'extrinsic' ligaments

Back 58

strong pair of bands that unite coracoid process and clavicle (trapezoid & conoid ligaments)

Front 59

Muscles that elevate scapula

Back 59

trapezius (upper part), levator scapulae

Front 60

Muscles that depress scapula

Back 60

trapezius (lower part), serratus anterior, pectoralis minor

Front 61

Pectoralis Major - 2 heads of origin

Back 61

clavicular and sternocostal

Front 62

Insertion of Pectoralis major

Back 62

lateral lip of bicipital groove (intertubercular sulcus of humerus)

Front 63

Action of Pectoralis major

Back 63

adductor of arm, medial rotator of arm, flexes arm at shoulder joint

Front 64

What nerves innervate pectoralis major?

Back 64

medial & lateral pectoral nerves

Front 65

Origin of Pectoralis minor

Back 65

Anterior surface of 3rd-5th ribs

Front 66

Insertion of Pectoralis minor

Back 66

Coracoid process of scapula

Front 67

Action of Pectoralis minor

Back 67

stabilizes scapula against thoracic wall; also small respiratory action

Front 68

What nerves innervate pectoralis minor?

Back 68

medial pectoral nerve

Front 69

Branch of 1st part of axillary artery

Back 69

superior thoracic artery

Front 70

2 branches of 2nd part of axillary artery

Back 70

thoracoacromial trunk, lateral thoracic artery

Front 71

3 branches of 3rd part of axillary artery

Back 71

subscapular, anterior humeral circumflex, posterior humeral circumflex

Front 72

Subscapular artery

Back 72

largest branch supplies muscles and anastomoses around the scapula, gives rise to the thoracodorsal artery and the scapular circumflex

Front 73

Anterior & Posterior Humeral Circumflex

Back 73

help vascularize humerus and surrounding muscles

Front 74

Musculocutaneous nerve innervates...

Back 74

flexors of arm

Front 75

Ulnar nerve innervates...

Back 75

intrinsic muscles of the hand and some forearm flexors

Front 76

Axillary nerve innervates...

Back 76

deltoid & teres minor

Front 77

Radial nerve innervates...

Back 77

extensors of arm & forearm

Front 78

Median nerve innervates...

Back 78

most forearm flexors and thenar muscles

Front 79

Pre-fixed brachial plexus

Back 79

when plexus has large contribution from C4 but lacks T1 (essentially arises from C4-C8)

Front 80

Post-fixed brachial plexus

Back 80

plexus lacks C5 but has large T2 contribution(essentially arises from C6-T2)

Front 81

Intercostobrachial Nerve

Back 81

lateral cutaneous branch of T2 intercostal nerve that supplies a very small region of skin sensation along medial aspect of arm
- only nerve to upper limb that does not originate from plexus

Front 82

Cephalic Vein

Back 82

ascends anterior lateral aspect of arm - courses through deltopectoral triangle where it joins axillary vein

Front 83

Deltopectoral Triangle

Back 83

boundaries are clavicle, pectoralis major, deltoid

Front 84

Basilic Vein

Back 84

ascends anterior medial aspect of arm - pierces brachial fascia in the middle of the arm to join the brachial vein

Front 85

Median cubital vein

Back 85

anterior to elbow, connects basilic and cephalic veins

Front 86

Anterior compartment of the arm innervated by....

Back 86

musculocutaneous nerve!

Front 87

Short head of biceps brachii originates from..

Back 87

coracoid process of scapula

Front 88

Long head of biceps brachii originates from...

Back 88

supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Front 89

transverse humeral ligament

Back 89

holds tendon of long head into intertubucular sulcus

Front 90

Insertion of Biceps brachii

Back 90

Proximal radius (radial tuberosity) and antebrachial fascia via bicipital aponeurosis

Front 91

Action of biceps brachii

Back 91

flexes shoulder joint, supinator of forearm, flexor of forearm

Front 92

What nerve innervates biceps brachii?

Back 92

musculocutaneous nerve!

Front 93

Origin of coracobrachialis

Back 93

coracoid process

Front 94

Insertion of coracobrachialis

Back 94

middle 1/3 of humerus

Front 95

Action of coracobrachialis

Back 95

Flexor, adductor of arm

Front 96

What nerve innervates coracobrachialis?

Back 96

Musculocutaneous nerve - pierces the coracobrachialis

Front 97

Origin of brachialis

Back 97

Distal 1/2 of humerus

Front 98

Insertion of brachialis

Back 98

Proximal ulna (tuberosity of ulna)

Front 99

Action of brachialis

Back 99

flexor of forearm (elbow)

Front 100

What nerve innervates brachialis?

Back 100

musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

Front 101

Musculocutaneous nerve courses into the forearm as....

Back 101

lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm, which is sensory nerve to lateral aspect of forearm

Front 102

Brachial artery

Back 102

- main arterial supply to arm
- continuation of axillary artery
- accompanies median nerve throughout its course
- provides arterial supply to muscles of arm and humerus
- divides into radial and ulnar branches beneath bicipital aponeurosis

Front 103

Branches of brachial artery

Back 103

1. deep brachial artery - largest branch and accompanies the radial nerve through radial groove; continues as radial and middle collateral arteries
2. superior ulnar collateral artery - accompanies ulnar nerve posterior to medial epicondyle
3. Inferior ulnar collateral artery -
Terminal brances = radial and ulnar arteries

Front 104

Posterior compartment of arm innervated by...

Back 104

radial nerve

Front 105

Long head of triceps originates from..

Back 105

infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Front 106

Origin of lateral head of triceps

Back 106

posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove

Front 107

Origin of medial head of triceps

Back 107

posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove

Front 108

Insertion of all heads of triceps brachii

Back 108

Olecranon process of ulna

Front 109

Action of triceps brachii

Back 109

Prime extensor of forearm

Front 110

What nerve innervates triceps brachii?

Back 110

Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

Front 111

Medial group of lymphatic vessels accompany...

Back 111

basilic vein

Front 112

Lateral group of lymphatic vessels accompany...

Back 112

cephalic vein