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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anatomy
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the study of structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationship to one another
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Physiology
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the study of how the body and its parts work or function
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Cell
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the smallest units of all living things
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Tissue
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consist of groups of similar cells that have a comman function
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Organ
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A structure, composed of two or more tissue types, that performs a specific function for the body
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Organ System
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a group of organs that cooperate to the accomplish a common purpose
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Integumentary System
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the external covering of the body
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Skeletal System
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consist of bones, joints, cartilages, ligaments
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Muscular System
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Organ system consisting of skeletal muscles and their connective tissue attachment
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Nervous System
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the body's fast-acting control system
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Endocrine System
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Body system that includes internal organs that secrete hormones
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Cardiovascular System
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carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, to and from the tissue
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Lymphatic Stystem
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a system of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and other lymphoid organs and tissue
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Respiratory System
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Keep the body supplied w/ oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide
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Digestive System
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Breakdown food and deliver the products to the blood for dispersal to the body
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Urinary System
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Removes nitrogen containing waste from the blood and flushes them from the body in urine
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Reproductive System
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Reproduce offspring
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Movement
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Activities promoted by the muscular system
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Responsiveness Irritability
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the ability to sense change and to react to them
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Digestion
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the bodily process of breaking down foods chemically and mechanically
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Metabolism
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the sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body
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Excretion
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the elimination of waste products from the body
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Reproduction
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the production of offspring
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Growth
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increase in size usually b/c of the increase in cells
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Nutrients
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things taken via diet to give you energy
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Homeostasis
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a state of body equilibrium or stable internal enviornment of the body
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Receptor
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1. peripheral nerve ending specialized for response to particular types of stimuli
2. molecule that binds specifically with other molecules |
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Control Center
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determines the level at which a variable is to be maintained.
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Effector
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an organ, gland, or muscle capable of being activated by nerve ending
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Negative Feedback
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Feedback that causes the stimulus to decline or end
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Positive Feedback
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feedback that tends to cause a variable to change in the same direction as the initial change; enhances the stimulus
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Homeostatic Imbalance
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when our internal conditions become less and less stable
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Anatomical Position
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the standard position
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Superior Cranial Cephalad
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refers to the upper parts of the body
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Inferior Caudal
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in humans, the lower part of the anatomy
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Anterior Ventral
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the front of the organism, organ, or part; ventral surface
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Posterior Dorsal
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Pertaining to the back
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Medial
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toward the midline of the body
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Lateral
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away from the midline of the body
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Intermediate
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Between a more medial and a more lateral structure
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Proximal
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toward the attached end of the limb or the origin of the structure
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Distal
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farthest from the point of attachment of a limb or origin
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Superficial
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located close to or on the body's surface
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Deep
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away from the body surface, more internal
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Abdominal
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the portion of the body between the diaphragm and pelvis
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Acromial
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the point of the shoulder
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Antecubital
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Anterior surface of the elbow
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Axillary
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Armpit
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Brachial
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pertaining to the arm
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Buccal
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pertaining to the cheek
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Carpal
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one of the eight bones in the wrist
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Cervical
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refers to the neck or the neckline portion of an organ or structure
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Coxal
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hip
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Crural
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leg
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Digital
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Fingers and toes
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Femoral
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thigh
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Fibular
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lateral part of the leg
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inguial
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area where the thigh meets body trunk
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Nasal
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Nose area
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Oral
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Mouth
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Carpal
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one of the eight bones in the wrist
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Cervical
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refers to the neck or the neckline portion of an organ or structure
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Coxal
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hip
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Crural
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leg
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Digital
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Fingers and toes
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Femoral
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thigh
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Fibular
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lateral part of the leg
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inguial
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area where the thigh meets body trunk
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Nasal
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Nose area
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Oral
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Mouth
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Orbital
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Eyes
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Patellar
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Anterior Knee
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Pelvic
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area overlying the pelvis anteriorly
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Pubic
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Genital region
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Sternal
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breastbone area
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tarsal
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ankle region
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thoracic
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chest
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umbilical
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navel
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cephalic
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head
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deltoid
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curve of a shoulder formed by the deltiod muscle
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Gluteal
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Buttock
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Lumbar
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area of back between ribs and hip
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occipital
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posterior surface of head
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popliteal
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area between hips
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scapular
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shoulder blade region
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sural
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the posterior surface of lower leg
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vertebral
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area of spine
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sagittal/midsagittal section/ median section
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longitudinal plane that divides the body or any parts into right and left portions
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frontal/ coronal section
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a longitudinal plane tht divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior parts
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Transverse Section/ cross section
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plane that divides the body or its parts into superior and inferior portions
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thoracic cavity
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separated from the rest of the ventral cavity by a dome shaped muscle. The organs in the thoracic cavity are somewhat protected by the ribcage
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Ventral Body Cavity
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larger than the Dorsal Cavity...contains all of the structures within the chest and abdomen. Like the dorsal cavity, it is subdivided.
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Dorsal Body Cavity
Cranial and Spinal Cavities |
Has two subdivisions, which are continuous with each other. The cranial cavity is the space inside the bony skull. The spinal cavity extends from the cranial cavity nearly to the end of the vertebral column
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Diaphragm
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dome-shaped muscle
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Abdominopelvic Cavity
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abdominal cavity contains the liver, stomach, intestines, and other organs.
pelvic cavity contains the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum |
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Umbilical Region
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the centermost region, deep to and surrounding the umbilicus
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Epigastric region
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located superior to the umbilical region
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hypogastric region
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inferior to the umbilical region
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Right and left iliac region
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lateral to the hypogastric region
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Right and left lumbar region
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lateral to the umbilical
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Right and left hypochondriac region
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flank the epigastric region and contain the lower ribs.
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