Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What type of viscera is characterised by a lumen surrounded by a mucous membrane then a wall of smooth muscle. |
Tubular viscera |
|
|
What type of viscera are glands that secrete into a duct and/or secrete into the blood stream? |
Solid viscera |
|
|
What type of glands secrete into a duct? |
Exocrine glands |
|
|
What type of glands secrete into the blood stream? |
Endocrine glands |
|
|
Name some solid viscera that have dual exocrine and endocrine functions. |
liver pancreas kidney |
|
|
Do paired viscera have bilateral or unilateral neurovascular supply? |
Paired viscera each receive a separate set of vascular and nerve supply lines |
|
|
Do unpaired viscera have bilateral or unilateral neurovascular supply? |
Unpaired viscera receive vascular supply from the midline but receive bilateral nerve supply lines. |
|
|
Where does pain from unpaired viscera refer to? |
the midline reflects their bilateral nerve supply |
|
|
Where do paired viscera receive their arterial supply from? |
the corresponding side of the abdominal aorta |
|
|
Where do unpaired viscera receive their arterial supply from? |
the front of the abdominal aorta |
|
|
What is contained in layer 1 of viscera on posterior abdominal wall (from anterior to posterior)? |
Paired viscera |
|
|
What is contained in layer 2 of viscera on posterior abdominal wall (from anterior to posterior)? |
Unpaired viscera without a mesentery |
|
|
What is contained in layer 3 of viscera on posterior abdominal wall (from anterior to posterior)? |
Paired viscera |
|
|
Where is the subcostal plane located? |
the level of the lower extremity of the costal margin 10th costal cartilage intervertebral disc between 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae |
|
|
Where is the transtubercular plane? |
the level of the tubercle on each iliac crest intervertebral disc between 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae |
|
|
What level is the xiphisternum at? |
T9 |
|
|
What level is the umbilicus at? |
L3-4 IV disc |
|
|
What level is the pubic symphysis at? |
Tip of coccyx |
|
|
What are the midline surface regions? |
epigstric umbilical suprapubic |
|
|
What are the lateral surface regions? |
subcostal lumbar iliac fossa |
|
|
What levels are the epigastric and subcostal regions in front of? |
T9-L2 |
|
|
What levels are the umbilical and lumbar regions in front of? |
L3-L4 |
|
|
What levels are the suprapubic and iliac fossae regions in front of? |
L5 to the coccyx |
|
|
The abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, cysterna chyli, kidneys, ureters and adrenal glands are part of what layer? |
Layer 1 |
|
|
The duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon and pancreas are part of what layer? |
Layer 2 |
|
|
The mesogastrium, mesentery and transverse mesocolon are part of what layer? |
Layer 3 |
|
|
What level is the aortic orifice in the diaphragm at? |
T12 |
|
|
What level does the abdominal aorta terminate into the common iliac arteries? |
L4 |
|
|
What level does the celiac artery originate? |
T12/L1 |
|
|
What level does the superior mesenteric artery originate? |
L1 |
|
|
What level does the inferior mesenteric artery originate? |
L3 |
|
|
What level does the renal arteries originate? |
L1/L2 |
|
|
What level does the gonadal arteries originate? |
L2 |
|
|
What level is the vena naval orifice in the diaphragm located? |
T8-T9 |
|
|
What level does the IVC original with the union of the common iliac veins? |
L5 |
|
|
What level is the cistern chyli located? |
L1-L2 |
|
|
What level are the adrenal glands located at? |
T12 |
|
|
What levels are the three parts of the duodenum located at? |
first part--L1 second part--L2 third part--L3 |
|
|
Where does the ascending colon extend from? |
right iliac fossa to liver |
|
|
Where does the descending colon extend from? |
front of the left kidney at the splenic flexure to the pelvic brim on the left |
|
|
Where does the the head of the pancreas lie? What level? |
In the concavity of the duodenum at L2 |
|
|
What level does the neck of the pancreas lie? |
L1-L2 |
|
|
What level does the body of the pancreas lie? |
L1 |
|
|
What level is the fundus of the gallbladder located? |
L1-L2 |
|
|
Which ribs overlie the diaphragmatic surface of the spleen? |
9th, 10th, 11th |
|
|
Name 3 situations affect the position of viscera. |
posture phase of respiration pregnancy |
|
|
Name 3 reasons for normal variations in position of abdominal viscera. |
age sex body build |
|
|
What is the transpyloric plane? |
anteriorly--midway between xiphisternum and umbilicus--where line semilunaris cross the costal margin posteriorly--level of intervertebral disc between the 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae |
|
|
What are the events that happen at the transpyloric plane? |
layer 1--hila of kidneys and renal vessels & cistern chyli layer 2--neck of pancreas & origin of portal vein layer 3--fundus of gallbladder & termination of pylorus of stomach termination of the spinal cord |
|
|
Where are the taeniae coli located? |
caecum |
|
|
Where is the based of the appendix located? |
the junction of the 3 taeniae coli |
|
|
What is characteristic of the ascending, transverse and descending colong? |
taenia coli haustra |
|
|
What anatomical lobe are the caudate and quadrate lobes located in? |
anatomical right |
|
|
What physiological lobe are the caudate and quadrate lobes located in? |
physiological left |
|
|
What is the narrowest part of the gallbladder? |
at its termination |
|
|
Where does the portal system begin and terminate? |
beginning--behind the neck of the pancreas termination--porta hepatis |
|
|
Which lymph nodes drain the unpaired viscera? |
pre-aortic |
|
|
Which lymph nodes drain the paired viscera and lymph from most of the pelvis and lower limbs? |
para-aortic |
|
|
Where is lymph from the abdominal cavity collected? |
cysterna chyli |
|
|
What does the azygos system connect? |
IVC and SVC |
