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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
gastric phase digestion (Proton postassium pum in Gastric Parietal Cell)
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ATP dependent; responsible for acidifying stomach; target of acid reflux drugs
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pepsinogen (produced in gastric chief cells)
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autoactivates to become pepsin; autocatalysis from pepsin; cleaves denatured proteins into large peptides and amino acids
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pyloric sphincter
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controls influx of aa and peptides into duodenum
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Pancreatic phase digestion (CCK PZ)
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cck pz secreted from duodenal endocrine cell
released to the bloodstream, stimulates pancratic zymogens; stimulates the release of enteropeptidases from mucosal cells |
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secritin from the duodenal endocrine cells
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released to blood stream; stimulates acinar cells to neutralize gastric acid with bicarbonate
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enteropeptidase
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cleaves trypsinogen to trypsin; released by duodenal endocrine cell
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trypsin
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converts all other pancreatic zymogens; as well as autocatalysis.
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intestinal digestion
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small peptides (2-8AA )and amino acids continue into intestine; epithelial cells make and secrete aminopeptidases and dipeptidases; amino acids, di/tri peptides are transported into the epithelial cells
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protein nutrition (essential amino acids)
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required for growth, cannot be synthesized by the body
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non essential amino acids
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can be synthesized by humans
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nitrogent balance
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example: in the absense of an essential amino acids;
incorporation of amino acids into the body is blocked; the breakdown of protein continues so the amount of nitrogen excreted is greater than teh amount of protein digested |
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complete protein
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source with all the essential amino acids
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complementary proteins
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two or more protein sources that provide all essential
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high quality protein
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easily digestible/bioavailable complete protein
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limiting amino acid
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the essential amino acid that is present in dietary protein in the shortest supply relative tot eh amount needed for the protein synthesis in the body
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vegetarians
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vegans only in jeopardy
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endopeptidases given enough time
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act as exopeptidases
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