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212 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does DME stand for |
Distance measuring equipment |
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What are three primary flight controls of an aircraft |
Ailerons lateral vertical |
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Name several secondary flight controls and their purpose |
Balance tabs, servo tabs, and spring tabs. They help the pilot move the controls and trim to fly hands off |
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Name several types of auxiliary flight controls and their purpose |
Leading and trailing edge flaps, slats, slots, speed break and they are high lift devices used during low speed flight |
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What is servo trim tab |
Auxiliary control to create aerodynamic forces to assist in moving a control surface |
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What is a spring tab |
Auxiliary control used with primary control at high speeds when forces become to high |
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What is a balance trim tab |
Auxiliary control creates aerodynamic forces to assist in moving control surfaces |
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What are four most common type of high lift devices |
Leading and trailing edge flaps, slats and slots |
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Name three mechanical method by which flight controls can be actuated |
Cables, push pull rods and torque tubes |
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What information is required before a cable rigging chart can be used |
The ambient temperature and the cable size |
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Describe the function of a rotorcraft collective pitch control |
Causes the rotor blades to change pitch angle by same amount increasing/decreasing lift produced |
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Define the function of a rotorcraft cyclic pitch control |
Tilts the main rotor disc by changing pitch angle of each rotorblade during its cycle rotation causing the helicopter to move in the direction the rotor is tilted |
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What is the major type of damage to aluminum structures. Caused by exposure to weather |
Corrosion |
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Name several methods for forming sheet metal |
Bending or folding, stretching, sinking, bumping and crimping |
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What are the dimensions of a properly formed rivet head |
The head should be 1.5 times shank diameter in width and .5 the shank diameter in height |
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Describe the markings found on the heads of A, B, D, AD, and DD rivets |
A= plain B= cross D= raised dot AD= a dimple DD= double dash |
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Which of the five stresses is the most common cause of rivet failure |
Shear |
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Describe the process for determining the total length of a solid rivet for a particular installation |
Add the grip length plus 1.5 the rivets diameter |
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What are the minimum edge distances and spacing for single row of rivets |
2 rivet diameter from the edge and 3 diameters apart |
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How can a determination be made whether a countersink for a flush rivet should be dimpled or drilled |
By thickness of the top sheet. Thin sheets= dimpled Think sheets= countercunk |
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What are two special calculations that must be made when bending sheet metal |
Bend allowance and setback |
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What factors must be considered in order to determine setback |
The thickness of the metal and the bend radius |
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What is done to a corner when to bends intersect to prevent cracking |
Relieve holes are drilled in the corner |
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When repairing an all metal aircraft how do you determine what Mets should be used |
Always use metal the same type and thickness of original structure |
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What are three forms of wood commonly used in aircraft |
Solid laminate and plywood |
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What type of wood should be used when splicing or reinforcing plywood webs |
The same type of plywood as originally used |
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Can a section of wood containing hard knock be used |
Yes within specified limits |
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What type of glue may have been used in older wooden aircraft construction that requires careful inspection to detect deterioration |
Casein glue |
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What are three types of glue used in modern aircraft |
Resorcinol glue, phenol-formaldehyde glue, and epoxy resin glue |
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Is compression wood acceptable for structural repair |
No |
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Why should various pieces of wood being joined be kept in the same room for 24 hours before joining |
To allow the moisture content to equalize minimizing dimensial changes |
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Describe some of the methods used to apply pressure to glue joints |
Clamps, nailing, power, presses, brads, nails, and small screws |
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What minimum curing temperature should be observed when joking wood with various adhesives |
70 degrees Fahrenheit or as specified by the manufacturer |
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When inspecting wood structures whys is it important to consider stains and dis colored areas |
Because the usually accompany decay and or rot |
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What type of joint is used to splice a solid or rectangular wood spar |
Scarf joint |
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What is the maximum number of splices allowed in any wood spar |
2 |
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What are two primary uses of plywood in aircraft construction |
Reinforcing plates and aircraft skin |
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Name three principle types of welding |
Gas welding, electric arc welding, and electric resistance welding |
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What are some advantages of gas shielded arc welding |
The weld is stronger more ductile and more corrosion resistant |
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Which method of welding is less likely to cause buckling or warping of thin metal sheets |
Electric arc (TIG) welding |
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What is a common method of controlling expansion when welding a joint |
Place tack welds along the length of the joint |
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What is the affect of inadequate penetration on a weld |
The weld will be weak |
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What is the purpose of the flux used with brazing and silver soldering |
The flux cleans the base metal by removing any oxide film |
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What type of flame is used when torch brazing or silver soldering |
A neutral flame |
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What must be done to a soldering iron tip to increase the amount of heat transferred from tip to the work |
The tip must be cleaned of all contaminates and properly timned |
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What is the preferred method of welding aluminum |
Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding |
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Describe one type of repair that could be made to a dented steel tube cluster joint |
A formed steel patch plate could be welded over the damaged area |
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When an oxyacetylene torch is extinguished which valve is turned off first |
Turn off the acetylene gas valve first |
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When a gas welding project is complete what should be done |
All the valves are turned off and the gas pressures are relieved |
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Aircraft covering fabrics are made of material from what two sources |
Organic and synthetic materials |
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What two types of organic fibers are used |
Cotton and linens |
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What is the purpose of the selvage edge on a roll of fabric |
It prevents the fabric from unraveling |
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What types of synthetic fibers are used for covering aircraft |
Fiberglass and heat shrinkable polyester fibers |
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Which of the several types of fabrics is unaffected by moisture and mildew |
Fiberglass |
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What is the function or purpose of reinforcing tape |
Reinforcing tape is used between the fabric and the rib stitching to prevent lacing cord from cutting rough the fabric |
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Fabric is considered up airworthy when it has deteriorated to what percentage of its original strength |
Less than 70% |
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What is a tie off knot |
A standard modified seine knot used on all stitches except the starting stitch |
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Name three common types of machine-sewed seams |
Plain overlap, folded-fell, and french-fell |
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Why is butyrate dope safer to use than nitrate dope |
It is much less flammable |
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Why is butyrate dope safer to use than nitrate dope |
It is much less flammable |
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What are the two types of dope used for fabric finishes |
Cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate butyrate |
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What is the appearance of a blushing paint finish |
Chalky or cloudy |
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What finishing defect is the result of a paint room temperature that is too warm |
Pinholes or blisters |
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What causes dope to blush |
High humidity, moisture in the spray, or application over a damp surface |
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What factors cause spray paint sags and runs |
Inadequate surface preparation or print sprayed on too thickly |
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What components of the airframe must be protected from damage when using paint stripper |
Windshields and windows, plastic, composites, synthetic rubber and fabrics |
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What is the function of zinc-chromate or wash primers |
They serve to inhibit corrosion and provide good bond between the metal and the top coats |
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Name several common types of paint used on aircraft |
Zinc chromate and wash primers, synthetic enamels, acrylic lacquer, and polyurethane |
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What regulation governs the application of the registration numbers to aircraft registered in the U.S. |
FAR Part 45 |
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What regency should be used to determine if a control surface must be checked or rebalanced after painting |
That manufacturers service manual |
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What regency should be used to determine if a control surface must be checked or rebalanced after painting |
That manufacturers service manual |
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What are the three most commonly used methods of applying paint |
Dipping, brushing, and spray painting |
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What could cause an AC electric motor to run to fast |
Excessive applied voltage or shorted field windings |
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What could cause an AC electric motor to run to fast |
Excessive applied voltage or shorted field windings |
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What tool is used to check a motor or generators armature for shorts and opens under load conditions |
A growler |
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When using a grower what indication will occur when a short exists between an armature segment |
A bald is held over the armature and if a short exists the blade will vibrate and chatter |
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How is the output voltage of an alternator controlled |
By varying the field current that excited the alternator |
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What instruments are used to monitor electrical systems |
Ammeters and voltmeters |
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How would you identify a specific wire in a bundle |
By the identification code on the wire |
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What tool would you use to determine the size of an unmarked wired |
Wire gauge |
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What color are the navigation lights in the wing tips |
Left=red Right=green |
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Name several types of electrical devices that would be considered intermittent loads on an electrical system |
Landing gear, cow and wing flap motors, radio transmitters |
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Why would it be necessary to analyze a system before increasing the load of the system |
To ensure the generator capacity, wire size, and protective devices will not be exceeded |
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Circuit breakers are designed to open before what condition occurs |
Before the wire emits smoke |
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Circuit breakers are designed to open before what condition occurs |
Before the wire emits smoke |
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At what point in the circuit should the protective device be located |
As close to the power source as possible |
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Circuit breakers are designed to open before what condition occurs |
Before the wire emits smoke |
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At what point in the circuit should the protective device be located |
As close to the power source as possible |
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What type of circuit breaker may not be used in an aircraft |
An automatic resetting type |
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What part on an aircraft is identified by a white navigation light |
The tail |
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What could cause an AC electric motor to run too slowly |
Lack of lubrication, defective wiring, or low applied voltage |
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What materials form the bases of the three types of hydraulic fluids |
Vegetable, minerals, and phosphate-esters |
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What color are mineral base and phosphate ester based hydraulic fluids |
Mineral base are red Phosphate ester base are light purple |
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What are the results of exposing lacquers, oil based paint, plastic resins, and vinyl compounds to phosphate ester based hydraulic fluid |
Hand pumps, engine driven pumps, and electrically driven pumps |
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What would cause the bypass valve In a hydraulic filter to open and allow unfiltered fluid to circulate in the system |
A clogged filter |
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Describe several methods of prescribing a hydraulic resevoir |
Engine bleed air, system pressure acting on a small piston in the reservoir, using variable displacement |
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Describe the purpose of a pressure relief valve |
Limits the maximum pressure produced by the pump |
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Describe the purpose of a pressure relief valve |
Limits the maximum pressure produced by the pump |
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Engine driven pumps deliver the output fluid flow in what two forms |
Constant volume and variable volume |
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Describe the purpose of a pressure regulator |
Manage the output of the pump to maintain system pressure. |
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What is the device used in some systems to supplement the pump during periods of high demand |
Accumulator |
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What is the device used in some systems to supplement the pump during periods of high demand |
Accumulator |
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Name three types of accumulators |
Piston, diaphragm, and bladder |
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What is the device used in some systems to supplement the pump during periods of high demand |
Accumulator |
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Name three types of accumulators |
Piston, diaphragm, and bladder |
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What safety precaution must be taken prior to disassembling of an accumulator |
Release all of the pressure |
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When hydraulic unit is replace what precautions should be taken to avoid contamination of the system |
All lines should be capped or plugged immediately after they are disconnected |
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What types of components or systems are pneumatic ally operated in aircraft |
Landing gear, brakes, flaps, and other mechanical actuators |
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Name avers sources of pneumatic power |
Storage bottles, engine bleed air, engine driven compressors or vane yup punps |
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What happens to excess pressure in a pneumatic system |
A relief valve vents it overboard |
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What is the function of a restrictor in a pneumatic system |
To control the rate of flow of the air flow |
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What are the reasons for periodically purging a pneumatic sustem |
To remove moisture and contaminations |
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What is he purpose of a torque link on an oleo strut |
Keep wheel in alignment & prevent piston from coming out of the cylinder |
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A landing gear shock strut should be inflated with what gases |
Nitrogen or dry air |
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A landing gear shock strut should be inflated with what gases |
Nitrogen or dry air |
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What should you look for during a regular inspection of the exposed piston section of a landing gear |
Cleanliness, evidence of damage, and proper extension |
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A landing gear shock strut should be inflated with what gases |
Nitrogen or dry air |
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What should you look for during a regular inspection of the exposed piston section of a landing gear |
Cleanliness, evidence of damage, and proper extension |
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What prevents air from leaking out of a split wheel assembly |
An O-ring |
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Why are fusible plugs installed on some aircraft wheels |
Release pressure by heat build up before the tire blows |
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What safety precaution must be down when disassembling a wheel |
Ensure tire is completely deflated |
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Before a brake system can be inspected for leaks what actions needs to be taken |
Apply pressure to the system |
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Before a brake system can be inspected for leaks what actions needs to be taken |
Apply pressure to the system |
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What maintenance function has the greatest impact on tire service life |
Tires are properly inflate |
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Before a brake system can be inspected for leaks what actions needs to be taken |
Apply pressure to the system |
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What maintenance function has the greatest impact on tire service life |
Tires are properly inflate |
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Describe two methods to bleed brakes |
Pressure pit can be attached to the bleeder valve and fluid forced back towards the master cylinder or the master cylinder forcing fluids from the reservoir to the brakes |
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What unit in an anti skid system generates the anti skid warning signal |
The control unit |
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What is the function of an anti skid system |
Allow large aircraft to achieve maximum break effectiveness without skidding or lock |
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Name avers type of brake actuating systems |
Independent master cylinders boosted brakes and power controlled brakes |
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How is the pilot notified that the anti skid system has automatically returned to manual brake system |
A warning light |
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What is the significance of an anti skid warning system |
The system is off or has failed |
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How does the stall warning system allow the pilot to know of an impending stall |
An audible alert or warning light |
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How can a pilot determine that the landing gear is down and locked |
Green light or lights or visual indicator |
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What landing gear must be regulated by regulation |
Down and kicked and up and locked |
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What condition will the landing gear aural warning sound |
When the throttle is retarded and the landing gear is not down and locked |
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A static check may be performed on a manifold pressure gauge by using what piece of information |
Current atmospheric pressure |
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A static check may be performed on a manifold pressure gauge by using what piece of information |
Current atmospheric pressure |
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What aircraft instrument can be used to check a manifold pressure for proper indication |
The sensitive altimeter |
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Name several indication errors that may be found in altimeters |
Scale errors, hysteresis, friction, installation |
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What type of temperature ending stream is used to measure a turbine engine exhaust gas temperature |
A thermocouple system |
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What type of temperature ending stream is used to measure a turbine engine exhaust gas temperature |
A thermocouple system |
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What operating parameter is indicated by a tachometer |
Engine rpm |
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What type of temperature ending stream is used to measure a turbine engine exhaust gas temperature |
A thermocouple system |
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What operating parameter is indicated by a tachometer |
Engine rpm |
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What is he name of the effect that causes a gyro scope to respond to an applied force at 90 degrees further in direction of rotation |
Gyroscopic precession |
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What type of temperature ending stream is used to measure a turbine engine exhaust gas temperature |
A thermocouple system |
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What operating parameter is indicated by a tachometer |
Engine rpm |
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What is he name of the effect that causes a gyro scope to respond to an applied force at 90 degrees further in direction of rotation |
Gyroscopic precession |
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What are the three sources of power for a gyroscope turn indicstor |
Air from a vacuum or pressure source or an electrical motor |
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What are two items that should be considered during inspect of a magnetic compass |
Fluid must be clear & he housing must be clear of all bubbles |
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What aircraft instruments are connected to the pitot static system |
Altimeter, vertical speed indicator, airspeed and Mach meter in high performance hets |
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Why should you avoid cleaning obstructions from the sensing holes in a pitot static system with a tool |
The holes are aerodynamically critical |
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After components in a pitot static system have been replaced what tests or inspections are required |
The static system leak test specified by FAR 91.411 |
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What quantity is accurately measured by a capacitance type fuel quality indicating system |
Mass of fuel |
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What references should be consulted to determine the proper range markings for aircraft instruments |
Aircraft maintenance manual Aircraft flight manual Type certificate data sheets or aircraft specififcations |
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What are the basic components of a radio communications system |
Microphone Transmitting & receiving antennas Receiver Speaker/headphones |
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What does ADF stand for |
Airborne direction finding |
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What does ADF stand for |
Airborne direction finding |
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Name the components of a VOR navigation system |
Receiver Antenna Frequency selection Visual display indicator |
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What does ADF stand for |
Airborne direction finding |
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Name the components of a VOR navigation system |
Receiver Antenna Frequency selection Visual display indicator |
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What does DME stand for |
Distance measuring equipment |
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Why are two antennas usually required for an ILS system |
The localizer and glidescope are transmitted on different frequencies |
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What information does the glidescope beam provide |
Vertical guidance to enable the aircraft to maintain correct descent angle |
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What is the power source for an ELT |
Internal battery |
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Describe one method of monitoring the signal output of an ELT test |
Tune communications receiver to 122.5 MHz |
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Describe one method of monitoring the signal output of an ELT test |
Tune communications receiver to 122.5 MHz |
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Describe the shape and location of a transponder antenna |
A short blade or a short wired with a ball end located on the bottom of the fuselage |
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Basic components of an auto pilot system are |
Gyros, servos , a controller, and amplifier or computer |
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Basic components of an auto pilot system are |
Gyros, servos , a controller, and amplifier or computer |
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What are the sensing elements of an auto pilot system |
Attitude, directional, turning gyros and altitude sensor |
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What controls the temperature in a thermal snooping system |
Hot and cold air mixed |
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What controls the temperature in a thermal snooping system |
Hot and cold air mixed |
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What are sources of heat for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air(compressors), engine exhaust heat |
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What are the effects of arcing on an electrically heated windshield |
Localized heating and damage to the windshield |
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Describe severs potential problems associated with electrically heated windshields |
Arcing Delamination Scratches Discomorstion |
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Describe methods commonly used to remove rain from a windshield |
Windshield wipers Blast of air Chemica rain repellant |
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What power source are used to operate windshield wipers |
Electricity or hydraulic power |
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What are two common methods of inflating pneumatic driver boots |
Bleed air (turbine) Exhaust from engine driven vacuum pumps |
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Describe the operation principle of a pressure demand oxygen system |
High pressure oxygen flows from the cylinder to the regulator and then masks when the user inhales. It provides oxygen at higher than atmospheric pressure bat extremely high altitudes forcing oxygen into the lungs |
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Describe the operation principle of a pressure demand oxygen system |
Allows oxygen to flow from the cylinder to the regulator and then masks when the user inhales. It provides oxygen at higher than atmospheric pressure bat extremely high altitudes forcing oxygen into the lungs |
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Describe the operation principle of a continuos flow oxygen system |
High pressure oxygen flow from the cylinder to a pressure regulator where the pressure is reduced and then to the masks whenever the system is turn on |
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What should be used to purge oxygen system of moisture |
Oxygen Dry air Dry nitrogen |
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What is a roots blower |
A type of engine driven compressor |
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Name two different types of independent cabin air compressors |
Positive deplane meant and centrifugal |
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What device provides the principle means of controlling cabin pressure |
The out flow valve |
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Name the basic components of an air cycle cooling system |
Compressor and expansion turbine Heat exchangers Various valves
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Name the basic components of an air cycle cooling system |
Compressor and expansion turbine Heat exchangers Various valves
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Name the principle components of a vapor cycle system |
Compressor Condenser Expansion valve Evaporator |
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Why do some aircraft have fuel jettison systems |
Reduce weight down or below maximum allowable landing weight |
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Why do some aircraft have fuel jettison systems |
Reduce weight down or below maximum allowable landing weight |
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Reason why fuel jettison system is required on a small aircraft |
Maximum takeoff weight exceeds maximum landing weight |
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What are other names for a single point fueling sustem |
Underwing Pressure fueling system |
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Fuel selector valve three positions are |
On Off Cross feed |
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Why do some fuel tanks have internal bagfles |
Resist fuel surging due to changes in altitude |
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Why do some fuel tanks have internal bagfles |
Resist fuel surging due to changes in altitude |
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What are two types of fuel cells |
Intergral Bladder type |
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How is the weight of fuel supported when bladder type fuel cells are used |
Supported by the aircraft structure |
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How is the weight of fuel supported when bladder type fuel cells are used |
Supported by the aircraft structure |
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Name four types of fuel quantity gushing systems |
Sight gauges Mechanical Electric Electronic gauges |
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Why are electronic fuel quantity indications systems more accurate than others |
Measure mass instead of volume |
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Describe the components of a thermal switch fire detection system |
Temperature sensitive switches that complete s circuit at a specific temperature trigger a warning |
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Thermal switches are wired in |
Parallel |
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How are thermocouple fire warning systems different from a thermal switch system |
Thermocouple= rate of temperature change Thermal switch= specific temperature |
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What is the kiddie continuos loop system |
Inconel tube containing one or more wires embedded in a ceramic core that's resistance changes with tempersture |
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Lindberg fire detection system |
Stainless steel tube with inert gas and material that absorbs so of the gas when tube heats up some gas is realized raising the pressure of the tube which activates a pressure switch |
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Photoelectric smoke detector |
Refract light in the detector unit causing photoelectric cell to conduct electricity and trigger alarm |
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Photoelectric smoke detector |
Refract light in the detector unit causing photoelectric cell to conduct electricity and trigger alarm |
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Two type of smoke detection systems |
Light refraction Ionization types |
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Carbon monoxide detectors are usually |
In the cockpit or cabin |
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Name two types of fire extinguishing systems |
Conventional High rate discharge |
