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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A forensic psychologist would be likely to do all of the following EXCEPT: |
write legislation to regulate the practice of psychology in the courts. |
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Which of the following is a criticism about the insanity defense? |
Science cannot uniformly define abnormal behavior |
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Privileged communication involves a relationship that is protected by law. Which of the following is categorized as privileged communication? |
Psychologist and patient |
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What is NOT a limit to confidentiality? |
request from educational institution |
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Informed consent involves providing subjects with what information about a research project? |
The risk associated with the research |
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Competency does NOT refer to one's ability to: |
know right from wrong |
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In the movie Minority Report, Tom Cruise plays a police officer whose job it is to arrest people before they commit a crime Once arrested, these individuals are put in a form of prison so that they cannot hurt others. In the real world, a person who carries tremendous potential to hurt others would be the subject of a(n) ________ and are sent for treatment rather than punishment. |
Civil Commitment |
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Approximately two-thirds of defendants who are acquitted of a crime by reason of insanity qualify for a diagnosis of what? |
Schizophrenia |
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Research has found that approximately _____ percent of defendants charged with a crime plead insanity in court. |
1 |
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The 1955 American Law Institute (ALI) test of insanity combined aspect of three different previously established tests, each of which had "holes" when applied alone. Which did not contribute to the ALI test? |
Kaiser's competency criterion |
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Which type of disorder is MOST common among elderly |
major depressive |
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Which of the following can cause an elderly person to exhibit resistance to psychotherapeutic interventions? |
The therapist is much younger than the client |
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Which of the following is NOT a concern when treating sleep problems in the elderly? |
Alcohol increases REM sleep |
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_______ is a common sleep problem elderly individuals may suffer from. |
Early morning awakenings |
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In MOST cases, a definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease can be made: |
only after death |
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______ impairment is the most prominent symptom of dementia. |
memory |
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Delirium can have many different causes. What is NOT one of those causes? |
Insect bite |
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Many people with schizophrenia find that their symptoms ______ in later life |
lessen |
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________ is the MOST common type of neurocognitive disorder, accounting for around two-thirds of all cases. |
Alzheimer's Diseasse |
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What is the field of clinical psychology that focuses on mental health problems of the elderly and their treatment called? |
Geropsychology |
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Which is NOT a reason why the current DSM5 method of categorizing personality disorders has been criticized? |
There are no accurate ways of assessing personality disorders, so it is always a "best guess" and never has any true validity |
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A person who is least likely to be affected by criticism or praise from other people is one suffering from: |
Schizoid personality disorder |
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The category of "odd" personality disorders includes the traits of: |
extreme suspiciousness, social withdrawal, and cognitive and perceptual peculiarities |
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Group therapy formats are of particular use to those suffering from avoidant personality disorder because they: |
provide a social circumstance where interactions with others can be practiced and where support can be both given and received |
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_____ personality disorder shares many features with social anxiety disorder. |
Avoidant |
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Which type of personality disorder is NOT categorized within the "odd" cluster? |
Narcissistic |
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People with which type of personality disorder are MOST likely to seek out treatment on their own? |
Histrionic |
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The MOST effective treatment for antisocial personality disorder has consistently been found to be the use of: |
there are no truly effective treatments for APD |
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The cluster of "dramatic" personality disorders does NOT include what diagnosis? |
Dependent personality disorder |
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The symptoms of personality disorders typically become recognizable in: |
adolescence or early adulthood |
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What is personality? |
An individual’s unique way of perceiving,experiencing, and interacting with the world around them AND theunderlying internal causes of these actions |
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What personality disorders are in the "odd" cluster? |
paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal |
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What personality disorders are in the "dramatic" cluster? |
Antisocial, historic, narcissistic borderline |
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What personality disorders are in the "anxious" cluster? |
Avoidant, dependent, and obsessive compulsive |
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What arethe four main areas of behavior where people with personality disorders haveproblems? |
Cognition (thoughts about self, others, theworld) Affectivity (intensity, stability,appropriateness of emotions) Interpersonal functioning Impulse control |
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What isthe role of impaired social relationships in schizoid PD, Paranoid PD, andAvoidant PD? |
Schizoid PD – doesn’t see need forrelationships; could not care less about having them. Paranoid PD – doesn’t have relationships;people are out to get them. Avoidant PD – desperately wantsrelationships; people scare them |
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Howdoes the Diathesis-Stress Model influence the development of BorderlinePersonality Disorder? |
Begins with difficulty regulating emotions as achild (diathesis) Family fails to acknowledge the child’sfeelings, is abusive or dismissive (stress) Creates vicious cycle: child only receivesattention when emotionally distraught, reinforcing extreme emotional respondingto stress in the future |
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What are three of the problems or issues diagnosingpersonality disorders discussed in class? |
Due to overlapping symptoms, PDs can bedifficult to distinguish from one another This raises questions about reliability andvalidity of the categories Most clinicians believe that PDs are troublingand important problems BUT… these disorders are hard to diagnose and areoften misdiagnosed, which is a serious issue Some criteria cannot be observed directly andrely on clinician impressions Different opinions of the line between normaland disordered personalities Similarities of disorders within clusters canmake classification difficult Diagnoses are based on number of criteria, not asingle or shared feature People with different personalities can receivethe same diagnosis People with different personalities can receivethe same diagnosis |
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How isAvoidant PD different from the “Odd Cluster” PD? |
Avoidant PD: want the social interaction but tooanxious about being judged negatively Schizoid PD: uninterested in social interaction Schizotypal PD: anxiety tied to odd behaviorsand beliefs Paranoid PD: avoidance of social interactionsdues to fear and mistrust |
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Why do individualswith obsessive-compulsive personality disorder do not seek treatment? |
Peoplewith obsessive-compulsive personality disorder do NOT usually believe there isanything wrong with them. |
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What behaviors doindividuals diagnosed with a personality disorder for Cluster C exhibit? |
People with these disorders typically exhibitanxious and fearful behavior Similar symptoms as anxiety and depressivedisorders, but no direct link between this cluster and those disorders |
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What are the fourmain differences between dementia and delirium? |
Delirium has a rapid onset but dementia is slowonset Dementia is progressive and permanent butdelirium is transitory and reversible Delirium is more likely to have hallucinationsand delusions Delirium is more likely to show incoherentspeech and confusion |
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Define and describethe difference between age effect, a cohort effect, and a time of measurementeffect? |
Age effect – consequences of being a given chronological age Cohort effects – consequences of havingbeen born in a particular year andhaving grown up during a particular time Time-of-measurement effects – confoundsfrom particular historic events havespecific effects |
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What are two reasonswhy we see less schizophrenia in the elderly? |
Schizophrenics tend to die young Schizophrenia tends to remit as people age Rare to develop schizophrenia after age 60 |
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What are two concernswith treating the elderly’s mental health issues using medication? |
Compromised cognitive function (forgetfulness) Slowed metabolism (overdosing) Drug Side-effects Drug interactions |
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Difference between Schizoid and Schizotypal personality disorders? |
Schizoid - no desire to be around other people, very isolated, some odd thought patterns, find little pleasure in activities, do not care about criticism Schizotypal - do want social relationships, but have anxiety associated with social interactions |
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What are three rulesthat have been used to determine if a person is not guilty by reason of insanity? |
The M’Naghten Rule – person had to be unable toknow right from wrong Irresistible Impulse Rule – means that theperson was compelled to commit the criminal act Durham Rule – the person is not responsible iftheir unlawful act was the product of mental disease or mental defect |
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What is competency? |
The ability to understand one’s legal situation,contribute to their own defense in a court, and/or make reasonable and informeddecisions about their legal situation, safety, or the safety and situation ofothers. It is a legal definition and a medical term |
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What is the Big 5? |
theory that personality can be described by 5 traits: openness (to experience),Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism |
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Pervasive tendency to interpret actions of others as deliberately harmful, demeaning, or threatening No hallucinations or bizarre delusions instead tendency to be suspicious and mistrust |
Paranoid Personality Disorder |
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Extreme aloof nature, avoidance of personal relationships do NOT enjoy or desire relationships with others |
Schizoid personality disorder |
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odd patterns in thought, appearance, and behavior; unusual beliefs: magical thinking, superstitions, ideas of reference (not severe enough to qualify for schizophrenia diagnosis) difficulty in interpersonal relationships due to severe anxiety |
Schizotypal Personality disorder |
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Pattern of intense instability in self-image, emotions, and interpersonal relationships Generally, unstable moods and emotions - rapid shifts between love and hate fear of abandonment, impulsive behavior, suicidal thoughts and actions |
Borderline Personality Disorder |
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Pattern of excessive emotions and attention seeking - constant need to be center of attention, shallow, focus on appearance, unsatisfied in relationships with others |
Histrionic Personality disorder |
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Pattern of grandiosity, self-importance, lack of empathy - views self as special, does not handle criticism well. |
Narcissistic personality disorder |
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Category designed to explain chronic criminal behavior - must have conduct disorder before age of 15 |
Antisocial personality disorder |
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Pervasive pattern of social discomfort and anxiety - devastated by criticism and perceived disapproval |
Avoidant personality disorder |
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How is avoidant personality disorder different from the "Odd Cluster" PD? |
Avoidant PD: want the social interaction but tooanxious about being judged negatively Schizoid PD: uninterested in social interaction Schizotypal PD: anxiety tied to odd behaviorsand beliefs Paranoid PD: avoidance of social interactionsdues to fear and mistrust |
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Pervasive pattern of dependent and submissive behavior - lack self confidence and a sense of autonomy |
Dependent personality disorder |
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Pervasive pattern of rigidity and perfection - need for things to be right interfere with finishing tasks "Control Freak" |
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder |
