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82 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
A man is so miserable that he can barely tolerate living. According to the defintion of abnormality, this description is an example of
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Distress
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Which of the following typifies posttraumatic stress disorder?
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A. increased..
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A. increased arousal, anxiety, and guilt
B. inability to remember the event that led to the stress C. Increased responsiveness and emotion right after the event D. A tendency to want to go back to see the site of the stress |
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One distinction that DSM-IV-TR makes between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder is based on
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how long the anxiety lasts
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When a young child yells and throws toys, the parents give the child a good deal of attention. As time goes on, the temper tantrums become more and more common. A behavioral psychologist would say...
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It is a result of operant conditioning
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The model of abnormality that pays particular attention to a client's family structure, societal norms, and a client's roles in society
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Sociocultural
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Despite popular misconceptions, most people with psychological problems are not
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b. dangerous
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A. dysfunctional
b. dangerous c. distressing d. deviant |
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A person who witnessed a horrible accident and then become unusually anxious and depressed for three weeks is probably experiencing
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acute stress disorder
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Fear differs from anxiety in that
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fear is to a specific threat and anxiety is more general
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If I belief that it is a dire necessity for me to be loved or approved by everyone and that it is catastrophic if things are not the way I want them, I am displaying basic:
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Irrational assumptions
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The older of the modern psychological models is the
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psychodynamic model
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Which treatment is a nondrug biological treatment for anxiety that is in general use today?
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relaxation training
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The most common of the psychophysiological disorders
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Hypertension
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Current multicultural perspectives are most likely to focus on:
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D. the special
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A. the inferiority of particular cultural groups
B. the cultural deprivation that is characteristic of some groups C. The limitations of a focus on ethnicity D. The special external pressures faced by members of a culture |
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Feud believed that the three central forces that shape the personality were the:
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instincutal needs, realistic thinking, and conscience
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When a man did not get the job he was sure that everything was going wrong, that his life was completely off track. This thought is an example of:
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overgeneralization
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If you were receiving multicultural therapy, you could expect all of the following except:
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C. a focus on healthy feelings...
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A. greater sensitivity to cultural issues in therapy
B. a focus on the uniqueness of the issues you face C. a focus on healthy feelings and actions rather than on problems D. sensitivity to the traditions of your particular culture |
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College students who always become so anxious when taking a test that they cannot remember even simple things that they know quite well are experiencing:
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a phobia
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Ideally, critical incident stress debriefing occurs
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immediately, and is short-term
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An example of a reasonably reliable, valid response inventory is the
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Beck Depression Inventory
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If it were necessary to get the clearest and msot accurate picture of the physical anatomy of the brain in order to aid in the diagnosis of a psychological disorder, the method of choice would be:
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MRI
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The model of abnormality that focuses on the roles of values and choices in behavior is the
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Humanistic-existential model
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The clinical practitioner would be more likely than the clinical researcher to rely on which method of investigation?
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case study with a single particpant
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Another term for developing norms for an assessment tool
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standardization
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Which of the follow aspects of Type A personality make a person most vulnerable to heart disease?
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hostility and time urgency
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Poor health is best described as a
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stressor
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Obesity and lack of exercise have been linked most closely to which psychophysiological disorder?
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Coronary heart disease
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The models or paradigm an investigator uses influences
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the question and observations the investigator uses
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Compared to projective tests, personality inventories generally have
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greater reliability and greater validity
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Systematic desensitization has been shown to be especially effective in the treatment of
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phobias
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Clinical interviews are the preferred assessment technique of many practitioners. One particular strength of the interview process is:
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the chance to get a general sense of the client
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The DSM-IV-TR divides categories along five separate axes.
AXIS I: |
Disorders that cause significant impairment and that may emerge and end at various points in the life cycle
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Brain waves recorded in order to measure electrical activity use
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EEG
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Which of these is not considered a traditional psychophysiological disorder?
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C. Cancer
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A. Asthma
B. Insomnia C. Cancer D. Migraine headaches |
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Disorders that are thought to have both biological and psychosocial causes
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psychophysiological
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What kind of test is the MMPI-2
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personality
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One major difference between psychiatrists and clinical psychologists is that
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psychiatrists went to medical school
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One who systematically gathers information to describe, predict, and explain abnormality
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clinical scientist
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Explicit and implicit rules for proper conduct that a society establishes are referred to as
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norms
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All are merits of the correlational method except
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d. it allows for in-depth study
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A. it allows for prediction
b. it can be analyzed statistically C. results can be generalized d. it allows for in-depth study of an individual |
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Cognitive researches have found that lives full of anxiety most often are associated with
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unpredictable negative events
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Which information would be useful in distinguishing hysterical somatoform disorders from true medical problems?
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The failure of a condition to develop as expected medically
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Conversion disorders are more common in
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women than men
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Which of the following would be a behavioral symptom of depression?
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D. staying in bed
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A. lack of desire to eat
B. a negative view of oneself C. experiences of sadness and anger D. staying in bed for hours during the day |
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Just before debuting at Carnegie Hall, the pianist suffered paralysis of the left hand. Which is the best diagnosis?
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A. conversion disorder
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A. conversion disorder
B. somatization disorder c. pain disorder associated with psychological factors D. preoccupation disorder |
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Preoccupation somatoform disorders are typically explained by therapists the same way as --
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anxiety disorders
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In research on the relationship between serotonin and suicide, serotonin seems most related to increasing
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agression
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If a person complains of a wide variety of physical symptoms over a period of time in the absence of a physical basis for the symptoms, the diagnosis would likely be:
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b. somatization disorder (Briquets)
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a. conversion disorder
b. somatization disorder c. body dysmorphic disorder d. psychophysiological disorder |
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The mood and thoughts of suicidal people are most often characterized as
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sad and hopeless
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What kind of theory is Durkheim's theory of suicide?
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sociocultural
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What statement would be true regarding suicide rates for people 65+ in the US, taking into account gender and race?
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Only White American males have a substantially higher suicide rater after the age of 65 than they did between the ages of 35 and 44.
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Suicides by people over whom society has little or no control and who are not concered with the norms an rules of society
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egoistic suicides
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Which clinician would ask, "Do you believe you will always feel like this and in all situations?"
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Cognitive
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Today, electro convulsive therapy
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also involves the use of muscle relaxants
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A patient appeared at the clinic complaining of pain in her knee, should, and abdomen, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision, and exhaustion. The patient history revealed that the patient had been going to clinics for years trying to get treatment for these complaints and a host of other physical symptoms. What's the diagnosis?
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Somatization disorder
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Behavioral therapy for the treatment of depression is most likely to include
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reinforcing nondepressed behaviors
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Which of the following would lead you to suspect hysterical rather than medical symptoms?
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Uniform and even numbness in the "damaged" hand
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If a person were experiencing numerous physical complaints, visiting doctors frequently, and expressed great concern about normal bodily symptoms, one would most likely suspect:
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hypochondriasis
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What is malingering?
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Intentionally faking a tic in order to avoid military service
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What is not true regarding gender and suicide?
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c. women succeed
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A. women attempt suicide more often than men
b. men use more lethal means to commit suicide than women c. women succeed at committing suicide more often than men d. the elderly are more likely to commit suicide than children |
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Conversion disorders most often appear in
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adolescence
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What is true about alcohol use and suicide?
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Most people who attempt suicide drink alcohol just before the act
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A person appeared at the emergency room complaining of bloody diarrhea. When examined further, it was found that the person was intentionally creating the diarrhea through use of laxatives and anticoagulant medication, and liked being a patient. This person is most likely experiencing
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Factitious disorder
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A somatization disorder differs from a conversion disorder in that
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Conversion disorders usually last less time
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Which of the following would be an emotional symptom of depression?
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C. experiences of sadness and anger
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A. lack of desire to eat
B. a negative view of oneself C. experiences of sadness and anger D. staying in bed for hours during the day |
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Manchusen syndrome is a
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factitious disorder
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What do psychodynamic therapists believe is the cause of depression?
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Unconscious grieving over real or imagined loss
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If your therapist tried to reintroduce you to pleasurable activities, reinforced nondepressive actions, and improved your social skills, your therapist would be using
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behavioral therapy
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Which of the following would be a motivational symptom of depression?
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A. lack of desire to eat
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A. lack of desire to eat
B. a negative view of oneself C. experiences of sadness and anger D. staying in bed for hours during the day |
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Token economy approach is based on principles from which view of abnormal behavior?
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Behavioral
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Patients are more likely to recover from schizophrenia if they:
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demonstrated good premorbid functioning
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Antipsychotic drugs reduce symptoms by
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blocking transmission of the neurotransmitter dopamine
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The use of a food diary to keep track of eating behavior in the treatment of bulimic patients is most likely to be used by a therapist from the
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behavioral
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Women tolerate alcohol less well than men because
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their stomachs break down alcohol less well
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The most common type of hallucination in schizophrenia
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auditory
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Alcohol works as a central nervous system depressant by
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binding to receptors on neurons
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The purpose of an antagonist drug is to
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block the effect of an addictive drug
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What is a token in behavioral terms?
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reinforcer
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Jason, a recovering heavy drinker, has been trained to identify the situations that might cause him to drink and to be aware of when he should stop drinking.
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Relapse prevention training
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Milieu therapy is based on the principles of which model?
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Humanistic
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Melanie has taken a lot of the drug that she was offered and in spite of being obviously uncoordinated and under the influence she wants to drive her car. Her is condition is an example of
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intoxication
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Bulimia is always characterized by
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uncontrollable eating
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Relapse for both bulimia and anorexia is most likely triggered by
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life stresses
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