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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
scientific term for egg white
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albumen
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term for the stiff quill of a feather
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rachis
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region of an egg yolk where the embryo develops
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germinal spot
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dense, twisted cord that supports the yolk of an egg and allows it to remain upright as the egg is rolled in the nest
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chalaza
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strong feathers found only on a bird's wings that account for much of the wing's area and provide the proper wing shape for flight
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flight feathers
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strong feathers found on a bird's body, wings, and tail that provide the bird's streamlined shape
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contour feathers
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soft, fluffy feathers close to a bird's body that serve as lightweight insulation
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down feathers
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a retractable group of feathers on the front of a bird's wing that aids maneuvering and helps prevent stalling
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alula
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a transparent "third eyelid" that allows a bird or reptile to blink and moisten its cornea without obstructing its vision
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nicitating membrane
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"voice box" of a bird
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syrinx
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The sac in a bird's esophagus that stores food temporarily is the ____
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crop
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The heart of a bird has ____ chambers
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four
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An animal that regulates its temperature by external factors, so that its temperature fluctuates with its surrounding, is said to be ____.
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poikilothermic
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Animals that bring forth live young from eggs hatched within the mother's body are described as ____
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ovoviviparous
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The type of snake locomotion in which a snake moves the front part of its body forward, coils it slightly to anchor it, and then pulls the back part forward is _____.
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concertina movement
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The organ that provides a snake with its sense of smell is the ____
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Jacobson's Organ
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According to the text, the largest venomous snake is the ____
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King cobra
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The heat-sensitive organs that allow some viperids to "see" warm objects in absolute darkness are the ____
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pit organs
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A scientist who studies birds is call an ____
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ornithologist
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The largest living turtles are the _____
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sea turtles
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The heart of an amphibian has _____ chambers
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three
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Pigment cells in the skin of an amphibian are called ____
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chromatophores
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The condition of retaining larval characteristics throughout life, characteristic of some amphibians, is called ____
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paedomorphosis
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The largest living amphibian is the ____
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Japanese Giant Salamander
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The term newt refers to _____
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the aquatic form of various members of the family Salamandridae
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Slender, burrowing, wormlike amphibians that lack legs and are seldom seen by man are the ____
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caecilians
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The upper shell of a turtle is the _____
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carapace
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The philosophy that promotes the idea that the universe consists of nothing but matter and energy and has no spiritual or supernatural aspects
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materialism
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The study of fossils
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paleontology
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made of solid bone and are shed every year
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antlers
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A mammal that enters a dormant state during the winter in which its body temperature falls to near the freezing point is said to ____
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hibernate
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Animals which "chew the cud"
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ruminants
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The process in which bird eggs are kept warm (usually by an adult bird sitting on them) so that the young birds will develop properly in the eggs
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incubation
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An animal that is able to run or swim almost immediately after hatching
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precocial
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Routes that migrating birds follow year after year
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flyways
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Based on the way in which their young are nourished and brought forth, birds are best described as ____
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viviparous
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includes songbirds
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perching birds
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includes eagles, hawks, falcons, and vultures
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birds of prey
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includes ducks, gees, herons, and storks
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water birds
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includes pheasants, grouse, and turkeys
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game birds
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includes ostriches, emus, and kiwis
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flightless birds
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The marine ecosystem in which water from rivers and streams meets with sea water is the ___
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estuary
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The term that refers to the "occupation" or function of an organism in an ecosystem is ____
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niche
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The symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped is ____
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commensalism
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The biome characterized by harsh winters, fairly long summers, and little or no permafrost is the ____
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northern coniferous forest
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The classification used to describe one organism's feeding relationship to other organisms in its ecosystem is ___
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trophic level
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The principle that all organisms are composed of cells or cell products and that all cells come from preexisting cells is known as _____
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the cell theory
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The belief that living things can arise from nonliving is known as ___
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spontaneous generation
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An experiment in which all factors are identical except the one being tested is called a ____
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controlled experiment
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The Dutch naturalist who devoted his life to microscopy was ____
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Anton von Leeuwenhoek
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The "Father of Anatomy" who wrote a monumental book known as the Fabrica was ___
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Andreas Vesalius
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group of reptiles that includes iguanas, geckos, Komodo dragons, and chameleons
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lizards
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group of snakes that includes water moccasins, copperheads, and rattlesnakes
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viperids
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group of snakes that includes cobras, mambas, and coral snakes
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elapids
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group of snakes that includes boas, anacondas, and pythons
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constrictors
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group of reptiles characterized that includes caimans and gavials
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crocodilians
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group of reptiles characterized by a shell and toothless jaws
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turtles
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rare, lizardlike reptiles also known as Sphenodon
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tuataras
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leaping, tailless amphibians with smooth, moist skin
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frogs
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Organisms that feed on both plants and animals are called ____
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omnivores
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Living factors in the environment are referred to as ____ factors
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biotic
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Large geographical regions identified by their climax vegetation and distinctive animal life are called ____
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biomes
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The place where an organism lives is referred to as its ____
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habitat
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Remains or impressions of plants, animals, or humans preserved in rock are called ____
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fossils
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The principle that animals or plants well suited to their environment are more likely to survive than organisms poorly suited to their environment is called ____
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natural selection
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Annually moving to a different region is known as ____
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migration
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Unlearned knowledge that an animal possesses from birth is known as ____
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instinct
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A tentative, untested solution to a scientific problem is known as a ____
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hypothesis
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The British naturalist who wrote Origin of Species and Descent of Man was ____
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Charles Darwin
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Natural selection cannot produce new kinds because ____
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variety within kinds has definite limits, natural selection acts to preserve existing kinds, and transitional forms would be unfit to survive
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The sudden outburst of living things of great variety in the fossil record, showing no evidence of evolution, is referred to as the _____
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Cambrian explosion
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Which of the following statements concerning Neanderthal man is true?
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Neanderthal man was fully man
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Mammals are said to exhibit the type of symmetry known as ____
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bilateral symmetry
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Gnawing mammals such as rats, chipmunks, and squirrels are classified as ____
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rodents
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Even-toed ungulates such as cattle, sheep, and deer are classified as ____
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artiodactyls
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Examples of primates with tails include the ____
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monkeys
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Mammals that raise their young in special abdominal pouches are classified as _____
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marsupials
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Animals that are vertebrates are characterized by ____
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a backbone, bilateral symmetry, and an endoskeleton of bone or cartilage
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A bird's respiratory system is different from a human's in that _____
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large air sacs are present in the bird's body cavity, a bird possesses a syrinx instead of a larynx, and air flows straight through a bird's lungs, whereas it flows in and out of a human's lungs
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