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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Integumentary System
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Skin Protection of the body and external support
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Skeletal System
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Internal support and protection, movement, protection of blood cells
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Muscular System
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Movement production of heat
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Nervous System
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Regulation of all body activities, learning and memory
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Endocrine Sytem
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Secretion of hormones for chemical regulation of all tissues
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Respiratory System
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Gasseous exchange between external environment and blood
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Circulatory System
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Transportation of nutrients to cells and waste away
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Lymphatic System
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Immunity, absorption of fats, drainage of tissue fluid
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Digestive System
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Breakdown and absorption of food materials
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Urinary System
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Maintenance of volume and chemical composition of blood.
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Reproductive System
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Production of egg and sperm, delivery of sperm to female and development in female
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Anatomy
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Study of the structure of the body
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Physiology
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Study of the function of body parts
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How are anatomy and physiology related
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The structure of body parts suits the function
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What are the levels of body organization?
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atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system and organism
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Give one example of a molecule within the human body?
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Amino acids
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Give one example of a macromolecule
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Protein, which is a combination of amino acid molecules.
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What is considered the smallest "living component" of any living organism?
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The cell
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What are organelles?
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Structures within cells that have assigned functions. Such as the nucleus and the mitochondria.
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Define tissue?
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Grouping of similar cells that provide a specific function
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Define an organ?
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Composed of two or more tissue types and performing a specific function within an organ system
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Define anatomical position?
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The standard for anatomical discussion. This is a view of the body facing you, standing erect with arms at the side with palms and toes directed forward.
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Define the anatomical term "superior"
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Located above another part. The nose is superior to the mouth.
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Define "inferior" in anatomical terms?
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Below another part. The mouth is inferior to the nose.
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Anterior
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Towards the front. The nose is anterior to the ears.
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Posterior (dorsal)
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Towards the back. The ears are dorsal to the nose.
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Medial
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Closer to the midline of the body as defined by a line bisecting the body along the plane through the nose and umbilicus. The nose is medial to the ears.
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Lateral
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Further from the midline of the body. The ears are lateral to the nose.
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Proximal and Distal
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Proximal - closer to the point of attachment to the body. The knee is proximal to the ankle
Distal - further from the point of connection to the body. The ankle is distal to the knee. |
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Anatomical position nearer the surface
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Superficial
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Define "deep" in anatomical terms
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Away from the surface
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Define Central in anatomical terms
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located towards the center of an organ, mass or body
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Define peripheral
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Away from the center
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A lengthwise (vertical)cut that divides the body into left and right portions
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Sagittal Plane
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Midsagittal Plane
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A sagittal section that passes directly through the midline
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Transverse Plane
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A cut that divides the body horizontally giving you superior and inferior portions
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Frontal (coronal) Plane
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Divides the body into anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) portions
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Axial
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Head, neck and trunk
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Appendicular
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The limbs
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Cephalic
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Head
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Cranial
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Skull
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Frontal
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Forehead
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Occipital
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Back of Head
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Oral
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Mouth
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Nasal
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Nose
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Ophthalmic
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Orbital, Eyes
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Cervical
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Neck
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Thorax
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Chest
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Pectoral
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Chest
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Mammary
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Breast
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Axillary
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Armpit
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Vertebral
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Backbone
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Costal
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Ribs
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Celiac
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Abdomen
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Pelvic
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Lower portion of the abdomen
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Gluteal
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Buttocks
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Inguinal
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Groin
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Groin
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Depressed region of abdomen near the thigh
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Lumbar
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Lower Back
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Sacral
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Lowest portion of vertebrae
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Perineal
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Area between anus and external genitalia
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Brachial
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Upper Arms
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Carpal
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Wrists
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Cubital
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Elbow
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Palmar
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Palms
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Femoral
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Thigh
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Popliteal
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Back of Knee
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Pedal
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Foot
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Visceral organs
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Internal organs
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Name the two largest Body Cavities
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Ventral and Dorsal
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What are the main sub divisions of the Dorsal Cavity
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Cranial Cavity
Spinal Cavity |
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What are the main divisions of the Ventral Cavity
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Thoracic
Abdominopelvic |
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The Thoracic Cavity is divided into what additional cavities
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Plueral
Pericardial |
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What is the Mediastinum
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A tissue and organ mass that divides the plueral cavities
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The diaphragm divides what cavities
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Thoracic from the abdominopelvic
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Name and identify the location of the nine regions of the abdominopelvic cavity
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Umbilical - Centrally located centering on the umbilicus
Lumbar - Right and Left of the Umbilical Epigastric - immediately superior to the umbilical region Hypochondriac - Right and left of the epigastric region Hypogastric - Immediately inferior to the umbilical region Iliac - Right and left of the Hypogastric region |
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Homeostasis
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Defines the internal bodies propensity to remain constant regardless of the external environment.
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Negative Feedback
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The basic feedback loop of homeostasis.
A stimulus causes a sensory receptor to signal a regulatory system which signals an effector to react to the stimulus. When the stimulus is nuetralized the effector stops production |
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Disease
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A break down in normal body conditions which the body attempts to correct.
local - restricted systemic - affects the entire body Chronic - less severe but manifest over a long period Acute - occur suddenly and generally last a short time |