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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Word root: small bag
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follic-
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word root: breast
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mast-
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A disorder characterized by "hidden testis" which results in sterilization is called_____.
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cryptorchidism
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Mature sperm use which sugar for energy?
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Fructose
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What is the purpose of prostaglandins in ejaculate?
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To stimulate vaginal peristalsis
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Name the correct order of the tubules in the nephron.
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bowmans capsule, PCT, nephron loop, DCT, collecting duct
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Which chemical is responsible for dilation of clitoral arteries?
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nitric oxide
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What are the total final products of oogenesis?
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one secondary oocyte and three polar bodies
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Which part of the sperm contains the mitochondria?
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midpiece
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The anterior pituitary releases which two hormones to regulate female reproductive cycles?
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LH, FSH
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Which part of the nephron cannot reabsorb all of the glucose in diabetes?
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PCT
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Where is the site of implantation?
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endometrium
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What is the serosal layer of the uterus called?
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Perimetrium
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How many chromosomes are found in the zygote?
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46
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Negative feedback for the releae of LH and FSH in the female is due to
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estrogens
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Which cell is fertilized by the sperm?
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secondary oocyte
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Word root: middle
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mes-
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Pregnancy test detect what hormone?
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hCG
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Wha hormone sustains milk production after birth?
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prolactin
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Which embryonic layer will differentiate into sensory organs?
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ectoderm
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At what point in time during pregnancy is the blastula considered an embryo?
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2 weeks
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What is the condition that is characterized by convulsions and coma and sometimes accompanies toxemia of pregnancy?
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eclampsia
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wood root: abnormal condition
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-osis
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In the red bone marrow, what cells do RBC's originate from?
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erythroblast
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Name 4 factors essential for RBC development?
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iron, Vit B12, Folic acid, intrinsic factor
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word root: stopper
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embol-
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Which cell is the first to arrive at an infection?
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Neutrophil
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What blood type could parents produce who are homozygous A blood and homozygous recessive blood?
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type A only
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Which plasma protein is responsible for the osmotic pressure in the blood?
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Albumin
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What is the primary protein in an insoluble clot?
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Fibrin
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What is the name of the anemia that is characterized by a blood cell living less than 120 days?
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Thalassemia
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What kind of blood does a person have if they have no antigens on their RBC's?
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O-
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Which valve is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary circuit?
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pulmonary semilunar
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Blood from the marginal artery supplies which part of the heart?
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right atrium
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What is the name of the layer of the heart that is fused to the outer wall of the heart?
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epicardium
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In a high altitude area, your kidneys will release what substance?
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erythropoetin
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What wave on the ekg represents ventricular repolarization?
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t wave
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What part of the cardiac conduction system is the last to fire?
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purkinje fibers
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Into which chamber does the coronary sinus open?
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right atrium
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Where do T lymphocytes mature?
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Thymus
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What part of the brain controls body temperature and fever?
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hypothalamus
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What kind of cell produces antibodies?
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Plasma cell
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Which two cells initiate both the cellular and humoral response?
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T cells and macrophages
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What causes respiratory acidosis?
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Increase in CO2 levels and an decrease in pH
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What substance activates B cells?
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cytokines
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Which immunoglobulin is passed on the the newborn from the mother's colostrum?
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IgA
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What causes acute glomerulonephritis?
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autoimmune reaction
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Which region on the antibodies determines which antigen it will bind to?
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Variable region
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Which organ is responsible for nutrient metabolism?
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liver
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Which enzyme is responsible for starting digestion of proteins in the stomach?
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Pepsin
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What kind of cells secrete instrinsic factor?
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parietal gland cells in the stomach
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Intrinsic factor is produced by which cells in the stomach?
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Parietal cells
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Name four substances that are either digested or absorbed by the stomach
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protein, alcohol, water, lipids/lipid soluble drugs, water
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Name the hormone that stops acid production in the stomach.
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somatostatin
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Where are chylomicrons first absorbed?
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the lacteals of the lymphatic system at the small intestine
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What organism partially digests fiber?
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intestinal flora
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Which hormone is released in response to acidic chyme in the duodenum?
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Secretin
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The place where blood and oxygen are exchanged to the cells of the liver is called the ______.
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sinusoids
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Which form of hepatitis is transmitted via oral-fecal route?
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Hepatitis A
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Word root: heat
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calor-
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Name four substances that can triglycerides can be converted to.
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Lipoproteins, cholesterol, phospholipids, other triglycerides
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Name a mineral involved in nerve conduction, muscle contraction and bone formation.
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Calcium
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When a protein is deaminated, what non-protein nitrogenous substance is created?
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urea
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Name four substances essential for blood clotting.
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Vitamin K, Folic Acid, Calcium, thrombin
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word root: small cavity
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alveol-
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In order to produce a higher pitch voice, _______.
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the vocal cords must shorten
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In the lungs, what force determines the direction of gas exchange across the membrane between the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries?
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Partial pressure
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Which chemical is responsible for overcoming the hydrogen bonding of water in the alveoli?
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Surfactant
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What is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after takin the deepest breath possible?
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Vital Capacity
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Which part of the respiratory center is responsible for regulating forced breathing?
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Ventral Respiratory Group
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Carbonic acid breaks down into what two substances?
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hydronium and bicarbonate
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Name four ways the body compensates for a pH shift?
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HCO3-, Amino Acids, PO4 3-, external respiration
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The term for deficiency of oxygen in the blood and tissues is
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Hypoxia
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Name four sources of hydronium ions.
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Incomplete oxidation of fatty acids, hydrolysis of nucleic acids, aerobic respiration of glucose, oxidation of amino acids containing sulfur
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High potassium ion levels will trigger the release of what hormone?
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aldosterone
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word root: bladder
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cyst-
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What do genes actually code for?
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synthesis of protein
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Hydronium ions and potassium ions are secreted by which part of the nephron?
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distal convoluted tubule
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Which force opposed glomerular filtration?
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hydrostatic pressure in the capsule
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Angiotensin II creates what two primary physiological effects?
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releases aldosterone and constricts sytemic arteries
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What does the juxtaglomerular apparatus do when blood pressure is too low?
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Increases systemic BP, increases aldosterone, increases sense of thirst, increases ADH
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Alcohol in the system causes what reaction to the urinary system?
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decreases ADH
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Which vessel secretes into the nephron tubules?
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peritubular capillaries
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Which vitamin is a key part of myelin formation?
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B 12
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Name four items that increase the GFR.
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increase in heart rate, ADH, Renin, Aldosterone
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