Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the neural plate |
Early structure develops into cns |
|
What is neural tube |
Resuts from fusion of folded ends |
|
3 primary vesicles |
Pro Mes Rhomb |
|
Cns arises form |
Neural plate around 18 days |
|
Prosencephalon becomes |
Tele and dienceohalon |
|
At birth the spinal cord ends at |
3rd lumbar |
|
Neural function begins at |
6 wks |
|
Baby can grip at how many weeks and breath |
4 and 5th months |
|
Sucking reflex beings at |
6 months |
|
Brain waves change at how many weeks |
Look up |
|
Most common neural tube defect |
Anencephaly 1 in 1000 pregnancies Failure of neural tube to close |
|
What covers acrania |
Look |
|
Anencephaly death rate |
50% |
|
Causes of anencephaly |
Look |
|
Anencephaly sono appearence |
Frog. Polyhydramnios. Talips. Spina bifida |
|
Acrania |
Also exencephaly Lethal. Loss of cranium bones Progresses to anencephaly due to caustic degradation from amniotic fluid |
|
Acrania associated with |
Spinal defects |
|
Cephalocele |
Usually ociptal in origin Can include Brain or just menhirs 3 in 10,000 live births Rarely other regions |
|
Prognosis of cephaloces |
Depends on size. Location and involvement of brain |
|
Types of cephaloces based on location |
Look |
|
Idk |
Idk |
|
Cephaloces associated with anomalies |
Meckle gribwr |
|
Spina bifida |
Look |
|
Rachischisis |
Very large spina bifida |
|
Most common location of spina bifida |
Lumbosacral region |
|
Spina bifida occulta |
Occult is covered with skin |
|
Banana sign |
Curving of cerebellum Arnold chiari type II |
|
Hydrocephalus |
Water on brain. Ventricles grater than 1cm |
|
Shape of spine in open defect |
V U C |
|
Spine parts lateral and interior transverse image |
Laminar, cerium |
|
Sono findings with spina bifida |
Taileps Hypotelorisum |
|
Which trisomy is associated with spina bifida |
Trisomy 13 |
|
Dandy walker |
80% have hydrocephalus Loss of cerebellum vermis Water on brain dilated 4th ventricle |
|
Causes of dws. |
Coumadin. Alcohol |
|
Three types of dws |
Alobar
Lobar |
|
When does the cerebllar vermis begin forming |
9 weeks |
|
Diagnosis of dws can not be made before how many weeks |
18 weeks |
|
What is aquiductal stenosis |
Most common cause of hydrocephalus |
|
Sono appearence of dws |
Splaying of cerebellum most imprtant |
|
Holoprosencephaly |
Abnormal division of prosencephalon 50% associated with anuploidies |
|
Three types of holoprosencephaly by severity |
Look |
|
Alobar |
Monoventricle Fused thalamus Ball cup or pancake appearance |
|
Semilobar |
Partial formation of occipital horns Partial fusion of thalamus |
|
Lobar |
Least sever Absent olfactory tracts and cavum septum pellucidum Otherwise normal thalamus ext |
|
Holoprosencephaly associated with |
Aicardi Meckle gribur Radiation Aspirin |
|
Cebocephaly |
One nostril |
|
Ethmocephaly |
Proboscis and sever hypotelorism |
|
Idk |
Idk |