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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is a wave
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it is the up and down movement of surface water
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what causes waves
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1. wind
2. earthquakes 3. volcanoes 4. extremely low air pressure |
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what determines how tall the wave is (height)
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it depends on how hard the wind blows
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what causes some of the biggest waves
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1. earthquakes
2. volcanoes |
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what is a tsunami
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it is a giant wave caused by an earthquake or a volcano
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what slows down the wave when it gets to shore
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friction with the ocean bottom slows down the wave
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what is a storm surge
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it is a bunch of huge waves that come ashore during a hurricane
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what is a rogue wave
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it is a wave that forms when large storm waves join together
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what is a current
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it is a stream of water that flows like a river through the ocean
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what is a surface current
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it is current that flows across the surface of the ocean
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what causes surface currents
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this is caused by prevailing winds
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what is the gulf stream
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it is the warm current that flows from the Caribbean, past the east coast of the united states and across the north atlantic ocean
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why can palm trees grown along the southern coast of England?
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the Gulf Stream allows this to happen
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what is a shoreline current
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these are local currents that run along the coast
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what is a rip current
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this is a strong current that flows away from the beach
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if you get caught in a rip current, what is the best thing to do
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you must swim parallel to the shore until you are out of this type of current
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what is a longshore current
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this is a current that allows waves to strike the shore at an angle. this type of current can also "erode" and "deposit" the beach somewhere else
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what causes the currents to bend to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in southern hemisphere
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the earth's rotation causes this
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what causes deep ocean currents
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this is caused by differences in water temperature deep in the ocean
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what is it called when ocean waters rise and fall twice a day
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high tide and low tide
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what causes high tide and low tide
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the sun and the moon cause these types of tides
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what is the shore
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this is the area where the ocean and land meet and interact
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how do waves change the shoreline
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1. weathering
2. water pressure 3. chemical weathering because saltwater is a weak acid. 4. ocean currents |
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which type of rock erodes faster--hard or soft
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soft rock
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what is a headland
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this is the hard rock left behind after the soft rock has weathered and eroded. it may look like a rocky point
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what is a tide pool
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this is a pool of seawater found along a rocky shoreline
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how are sea caves made
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sometimes headlands erode tho form this
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what is a jetty
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this is wall like structure made of rocks that sticks out into the ocean. it is supposed to protect the beach by trapping sand
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how much of earth is covered by water
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70%
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what technologies do scientists use to explore the ocean
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scientists use sonar, submersibles, and scuba gear to do this
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what is a submersible
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this is a type of small underwater vehicle that helps scientists to study the ocean
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what is sonar
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this is a device that uses sound waves to map the ocean floor
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what does desalination mean
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this is where you remove salt from seawater
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