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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
What's the difference in MOA of NRTIs and NNRTIs?
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Both prevent RNA-->DNA via reverse transcriptase. NRTIs: nucleoside triphosphate analogs NNRTI: arent' nucleotides
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What are NRTIs (name drugs)?
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Didanosine, Lamivudine, Stavudine, Zidovudine
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Remember, like boys names "DAN, LAM, STAV (like steve)" + ZIDO
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What are the NNRTIs (name drugs)?
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Nev-irapine, Efa-virenze, D-elavirdine
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"Never Ever going to make DNA"
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What are the protease inhibitors (name drugs)?
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Indin-avir, Rito-navir, Nel-finavir
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Indian names--Ritu and Neal
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What is HAART therapy?
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2 NRTIs + 1 NNRTI OR 1 protease inhibitor OR 1 integrase inhibitor
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What is the HAART alternative for preggers?
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1NRTI + zidovudine + protease inhibitors
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Gangciclovir is used to treat....
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CMV retinitis
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What is Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxale (TMP-SMX) used for?
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trmnt and prophylaxis-->Pneumocysitis and prophylaxis-->toxoplasmosis
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What drugs inhibit dihydropteroate synthetase (only in bacteria)?
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suflamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, sulfasoxazole, dapsone
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What drugs inhibit dihydrofolate reductase (eukaryotes and bacteria)?
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trimethoprim, pyrimethamine (and methotrexate)
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What vaccines do we administer to HIV + patients?
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polysaccharide pneumococcal (CD4>200), inactivated influenza (dead vaccine), MMR (CD4>500)
**only with exposure HBV and VZV (chicken pox) |
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What drugs inhibit 50s subunit of a prokaryotic ribosome?
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CEC: chloramphenicol, erythromycin (macrolides), clindamycin
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What drugs inhibit 30s subunit of a prokaryotic ribosome?
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TA: tetracycline (-cycline), aminoglycoside (-mycin)
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What are the side effects of erythromycin? HINT: cardiac
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increased QT interval-->torsades de pointes, worse wtih p450 inhibitors
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What drugs are anti-folate?
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pyrimethamine, trimethoprim, sulfa antibiotics, dapsone
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What is the MOA and side effects of cytarabine?
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pyrimidine antagonist (terminates DNA prdxn), hepatotoxic, bone marrow suppresssion, "cytarabine syndrome" (fever, malaise, myalgia, bone pain, conjunctivitis, rash, chest pain)
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What are antibiotic cytotoxins used for cancer treatment?
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actinomycin D/dactinomycin, doxorubicin/adriamycin, bleomycin
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What antibiotic inhibits DNA replication?
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Fluoroquinolones-- -floxacin, inhibit DNA gyrase (topoisomerase 2), dysrupt the uncoiling of DNA which allows it be read by DNA polymerase
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What is rifampin used for?
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Mycobacterial infections--> leprosy, TB, atypical. Prophylaxis-->H influenzae & Neisseria meningitidis
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What drugs inhibit transcription in eukaryotes?
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alpha-aminitin, actinomycin D, doxorubicin (ruby red urine)
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What is a unique side effect for doxorubicin?
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cardiac toxicity at high doses
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What is a unique side effect for bleomycin?
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chronic interstitial pneumonitis (high doses)
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What is a unique side effect for cyclophosphamide?
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hemorrhagic cystitis
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What is a unique side effect for methotrexate?
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GI toxicity, bone marrow suppresion
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What are the protease inhibitors?
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end in "navir" ex: indinavir "NAVIR (never) TEASE a proTEASE
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What are the NNRTIs?
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Nevirapine, Efavirenz, Delaviridine
"Never Ever Deliver nucleotides" |
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What is the MOA and side effect for interferon?
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MOA: glycoproteins from human leukocytes that block various stages of viral RNA and DNA synthesis
Side effect: neutropenia |
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What are the antibiotics to avoid in preggers?
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Sulfonamides, Aminoglycosides, Fluorquinolones, Erythromycin, Metroniadazole, Tetracyclines Ribavirin (anti-viral), Griseofulvin, Chloramphenicol
SAFE Moms Take Really Good Care |
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What drugs inhibit nucleotide synthesis?
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Methotrexate & 5-FU (decreases thymidine synthesis, DNA), 6-MP (decreases purine synthesis, RNA)
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What drugs cause myelosuppression?
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methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, actinomycin D, etoposide,
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What are the side effects of 5-FU?
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myelosuppression, photosensitivity
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What are the side effects of 6-MP?
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bone marrow, GI. liver, increased tox with allopurinol (bc metabolized by xanthine oxidase)
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What are the side effects of cytrabine?
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leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, megaloblastic anemia
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What are the side effects of cyclophosphamide?
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myelosuppression, hemorrhagic cystitis,
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What are the protease inhibitors?
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end in "navir" ex: indinavir "NAVIR (never) TEASE a proTEASE
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What are the NNRTIs?
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Nevirapine, Efavirenz, Delaviridine
"Never Ever Deliver nucleotides" |
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What is the MOA and side effect for interferon?
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MOA: glycoproteins from human leukocytes that block various stages of viral RNA and DNA synthesis
Side effect: neutropenia |
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What are the antibiotics to avoid in preggers?
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Sulfonamides, Aminoglycosides, Fluorquinolones, Erythromycin, Metroniadazole, Tetracyclines Ribavirin (anti-viral), Griseofulvin, Chloramphenicol
SAFE Moms Take Really Good Care |
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What drugs inhibit nucleotide synthesis?
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Methotrexate & 5-FU (decreases thymidine synthesis, DNA), 6-MP (decreases purine synthesis, RNA)
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What is the MOA of cytrabine (chemo drug)?
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inhibits DNA polymerase
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What are the side effects of cytrabine( chemo drug)?
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leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, megaloblastic anemia
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What is the MOA of cyclophosphamide (chemo drug)?
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alkylating agents, xlink DNA guanine at N-7, require bioactivation of the liver
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What is the MOA and side effect of busulfan (chemo drug)?
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MOA- alkylates DNA, side effects--pulmonary fibrosis, hyperpigmentation
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What is the MOA and side effect of doxorubicin (chemo drug)?
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MOA- generates free radicals and non-covalently intercalates in DNA Side Effects--cardiotoxic, mylelosuppresion and alopecia
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What is the MOA and side effect of chemo drug actinomycin D (dactinomycin)?
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MOA-intercalates in DNA side effect myelosuppression
**used for childhood tumors "children ACT OUT" |
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What is the MOA and side effect of chemo drug bleomycin?
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MOA- formation of free radical, causes BREAKS in DNA
Side effect-pulmonary fibrosis, skin changes, minimal myelosuppression |
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What is the MOA and side effect of chemo drug hydroxyurea?
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MOA-inhibits ribonucleotide reductase--> decrease in DNA synthesis (S phase)
Side effect--bone marrow suppression , GI upset |
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What is the MOA and side effect of chemo drug etoposide?
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MOA- G2 phase specific agent, inhibits topoisomerase 2 and increases DNA degradation Side Effect: myelosuppression, GI irritation, alopecia
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