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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cluny |
Influential reform-minded monastery founded in 910, known for its austerity |
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Simony |
Purchase of ecclesiastical office from a layperson or church official |
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Saint Bernard of Clairveaux |
Cistercian monk who was an influential preacher and adviser to French kings and the pope |
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Leo IX |
Pope who initiated the church reform movement |
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Pope Gregory VII |
Pope who expanded papal authority, raised clerical standards, and protected the church from interference by secular rulers |
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Investiture controversy |
Conflict between Pope Gregory VII and emperor Henry IV over the secular role in the investiture, or appointment, of bishops |
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Concordat of Worms |
Agreement between the papacy and the emperor in 1122 that allowed the emperor to confer secular, but not spiritual, authority on bishops |
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Innocent lll |
One of the most influential popes of the middle ages, responsible for the Fourth Lateran Council and the crusade against heretics within Europe |
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Fourth Lateran Council |
Church council of 1215, prisided over by Pope Innocent lll, whose decrees set standards for the clergy, declared the Pope to hold supreme authority in the church, and required all Christians to take confession once a year |
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Banns |
Declaration by a priest of a couple's intention to marry |
