Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How is alanine used in the liver?
|
Used for conversion to pyruvate --> used for glucose
|
|
|
How is alanine used in the muscle?
|
It is the product from pyruvate conversion, transferred to liver
|
|
|
What reaction is catalyzed by ALT?
|
Alanine + a-ketoglutarate <--> glutamate + pyruvate
|
|
|
What reaction is catalyzed by AST?
|
Glutamate + oxaloacetate <--> a-ketoglutarate + aspartate
|
|
|
What 4 things is pyruvate converted into?
|
Alanine via the cahill cycle
Oxaloacetate Acetyl-CoA Lactate via the Cori cycle |
|
|
What happens when a patient has pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency?
|
Causes backup of the substrate, resulting in lactic acidosis
|
|
|
How do you treat pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency?
|
Increase intake of ketogenic nutrients
|
|
|
What does the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex do?
|
Converts pyruate + NAD+ + CoA --> Acetyl CoA + CO2 + NADH
|
|
|
What is the function of the Electron Transport Chain?
|
Passage of electrons = formation of a proton gradient that drives the production of ATP
|
|
|
What is converted in complex 1?
|
NADH --> NAD+
|
|
|
What blocks complex 1?
|
Rotenone
|
|
|
What is converted in complex 2?
|
FADH2 --> FAD
|
|
|
What blocks complex 3?
|
Antimycin A
|
|
|
What is converted in complex 4?
|
1/2 O2 --> H2O
|
|
|
What blocks complex 4?
|
Cyanide, CO
|
|
|
What is converted in complex 5?
|
ADP + Pi --> ATP + H2O
|
|
|
What blocks complex 5?
|
Oligomycin
|
