What Is DNA Fingerprinting?

DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling, is identifying an individual using there DNA. This is often used for identifying criminals, and parental testing. First, a sample must be provided, which can be: blood, semen, hair roots, or saliva. The cells from the sample are then split open, and DNA is separated from the rest of the cell. The DNA is then treated with specialized proteins (restriction enzymes),which separate the DNA into smaller parts. The fragments of DNA are then applied to a jelly-like substance called agarose gel, and an electric current is then sent through the gel. Because the strands of DNA are negatively charged, they will move across the surface of the gel, and the smaller pieces will move farther. The gel is hard to handle, so it is covered in thin nylon membrane, and a layer of paper towels that draws moisture from the gel. As the moisture is being transferred to the paper towel, the DNA is being transferred to the nylon membrane. This is called blotting. A solution of radioactive probes are washed over the surface of the membrane. Only some of the DNA will stick to the probes, and these will be used. Photographic film will be placed on the membrane, and the radioactive probes will expose the DNA stuck to the probes, producing a pattern. …show more content…
Early detection of diseases helps prepare for proper treatment for the child.
(2)Develop