Objectives List:
Describe the development of the modern theory of evolution.
Summarize the concepts of comparative anatomy, fossil record, observed natural selection, and genetic evidence.
Describe the role of genetics and mutation in developing and passing traits to offspring.
Explain how suitability to an environment leads to reproductive success.
Explain the relationship between changing environments to genetic variation and reproductive success.
Summarize past extinction events, their causes, and outcomes.
Understand the roles of Lamarck and Darwin on the development of modern evolutionary theory.
Describe the multiple lines of evidence for common ancestry and biological evolution.
Create a phylogenetic tree according to evolutionary relationships. …show more content…
What are the differences evident in the bodies of the three tortoises?
a. Overall shell shape
b. Neck length
c. Neck opening size
d. Shell pattern
8. Hood Island features few plants and their leaves are fairly high. In what way might these features of Hood Island’s vegetation have affected the evolution of the tortoises there?
a. Ancestral tortoises with long necks and shells that allowed their necks a greater range of motion were better able to reach food, allowing them to survive longer and reproduce with greater success.
b. Ancestral tortoises with short necks and shells that allowed their necks a greater range of motion were better able to reach food, allowing them to survive longer and reproduce with greater success.
c. Ancestral tortoises with long necks and shells that reduced the range of motion of their necks were better able to reach food, allowing them to survive longer and reproduce with greater success.
d. None of the above
9. Given the structural differences in the three tortoise populations, an individual from which of the other two populations might survive more successfully on Hood Island?
a. an individual from Pinta Island
b. an individual from Isabela Island
c. both individuals would have roughly equal odds of …show more content…
Why is it rare to find fossils that include soft body parts, such as organs?
The soft body parts quickly decompose and are not likely to be preserved. Hard body parts, such as shells, bones and teeth are likely to be found in the fossil record.
29.
a) According to each of the three above graphs, what has happened in each situation?
Graph A: there is a shift in the average beak size from smaller to larger beaks in the population
Graph B: stabilizing selection has occurred in the population’s body mass
Graph C: Disruptive selection as occurred in the population’s beak size
b) What factors or conditions may have led to the change shown in graph A? Present a likely scenario.
One possible scenario is maybe that in recent years, precipitation levels in the habitat of the bird population have decreased, leading a decrease in the amount of food/vegetation in the area. Trees will also be producing seeds with harder shells, which will favor birds with larger beaks to be able to crack them open.
30. Some animals have evolved protective coloration. Examine the image below.
a) What does this pattern represent?
It is an example of mimicry. The pattern represents the eyes of a much larger
Describe the development of the modern theory of evolution.
Summarize the concepts of comparative anatomy, fossil record, observed natural selection, and genetic evidence.
Describe the role of genetics and mutation in developing and passing traits to offspring.
Explain how suitability to an environment leads to reproductive success.
Explain the relationship between changing environments to genetic variation and reproductive success.
Summarize past extinction events, their causes, and outcomes.
Understand the roles of Lamarck and Darwin on the development of modern evolutionary theory.
Describe the multiple lines of evidence for common ancestry and biological evolution.
Create a phylogenetic tree according to evolutionary relationships. …show more content…
What are the differences evident in the bodies of the three tortoises?
a. Overall shell shape
b. Neck length
c. Neck opening size
d. Shell pattern
8. Hood Island features few plants and their leaves are fairly high. In what way might these features of Hood Island’s vegetation have affected the evolution of the tortoises there?
a. Ancestral tortoises with long necks and shells that allowed their necks a greater range of motion were better able to reach food, allowing them to survive longer and reproduce with greater success.
b. Ancestral tortoises with short necks and shells that allowed their necks a greater range of motion were better able to reach food, allowing them to survive longer and reproduce with greater success.
c. Ancestral tortoises with long necks and shells that reduced the range of motion of their necks were better able to reach food, allowing them to survive longer and reproduce with greater success.
d. None of the above
9. Given the structural differences in the three tortoise populations, an individual from which of the other two populations might survive more successfully on Hood Island?
a. an individual from Pinta Island
b. an individual from Isabela Island
c. both individuals would have roughly equal odds of …show more content…
Why is it rare to find fossils that include soft body parts, such as organs?
The soft body parts quickly decompose and are not likely to be preserved. Hard body parts, such as shells, bones and teeth are likely to be found in the fossil record.
29.
a) According to each of the three above graphs, what has happened in each situation?
Graph A: there is a shift in the average beak size from smaller to larger beaks in the population
Graph B: stabilizing selection has occurred in the population’s body mass
Graph C: Disruptive selection as occurred in the population’s beak size
b) What factors or conditions may have led to the change shown in graph A? Present a likely scenario.
One possible scenario is maybe that in recent years, precipitation levels in the habitat of the bird population have decreased, leading a decrease in the amount of food/vegetation in the area. Trees will also be producing seeds with harder shells, which will favor birds with larger beaks to be able to crack them open.
30. Some animals have evolved protective coloration. Examine the image below.
a) What does this pattern represent?
It is an example of mimicry. The pattern represents the eyes of a much larger