Almost everyone is responsible for every aspect of their own health, however it seems that daily there is new evidence, or a new campaign that shows how bad or good certain health behaviours are, this is often conflicting. It is human nature to believe the consequences certain behaviours such as smoking or un-protected promiscuity will not happen to them. The health service within the UK is at the point that it may not be able to continue as it was intended as resources and budgets are stretched to the limit (Fund, 2016). Health promotion is essential in providing the public with information, enabling them to take control of their own health. In 1984 the World Health Organisation (WHO) helped define health promotion stating that it should
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The cost of these screening programmes and campaigns is a huge outlay for the NHS and the government, but when considering this against the cost of medical intervention for the behaviour or caused illnesses it is usually considered cost-effective. For example, consider that smoking related illness cost the NHS more than five billion pounds every year, whereas in 2010 it is reported that the cost of anti-smoking campaigns for that year was more than 84 million pounds (Nursing Times, 2009). Using the theories of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), which are collectively known as social cognition models (Lyons and Chamberlin, 2006), this essay will look to explore how these models are used in health promotion and how successfully they can predict health behaviours within society to evoke change. It will also look at the of some of the available screening programmes in the UK, what level of information needs to be presented to the individual, and why people carry out certain health enhancing or debilitating …show more content…
The HBM by predicting how the population engage in their own health behaviours, and the TPB by predicting actual behaviour. It is reported by Montanaro and Bryan (2013) that there have been various studies where the author has observed that there are identical concepts in each theory which are worded differently (Montanaro and Bryan, 2013). The HBM was initially developed in the 1950’s by U.S social psychologist to explain why the uptake of a free tuberculosis screening programme had failed. The HBM was then further developed during the 1960’s by Rosenstock and again during the 1970’s by Becker and Mainman, essentially becoming the HBM that is used today. It proposes that an individual’s health-related behaviour depends on the perception of four crucial areas; the severity of a potential illness, their susceptibility to that illness, the benefits of taking a preventive action, and the barriers of taking that action. When using the HBM for health promotion it is broken down into six main concepts. Firstly, the perceived susceptibility to an illness; this implies that an individual’s perception of a health, must be personally relevant to them, or, diagnosis is accurate. Secondly, the perceived severity of the illness; once the individual has recognised their susceptibility, positive action will not happen until the individual perceives that it is severe enough, to have serious health or social
The cost of these screening programmes and campaigns is a huge outlay for the NHS and the government, but when considering this against the cost of medical intervention for the behaviour or caused illnesses it is usually considered cost-effective. For example, consider that smoking related illness cost the NHS more than five billion pounds every year, whereas in 2010 it is reported that the cost of anti-smoking campaigns for that year was more than 84 million pounds (Nursing Times, 2009). Using the theories of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), which are collectively known as social cognition models (Lyons and Chamberlin, 2006), this essay will look to explore how these models are used in health promotion and how successfully they can predict health behaviours within society to evoke change. It will also look at the of some of the available screening programmes in the UK, what level of information needs to be presented to the individual, and why people carry out certain health enhancing or debilitating …show more content…
The HBM by predicting how the population engage in their own health behaviours, and the TPB by predicting actual behaviour. It is reported by Montanaro and Bryan (2013) that there have been various studies where the author has observed that there are identical concepts in each theory which are worded differently (Montanaro and Bryan, 2013). The HBM was initially developed in the 1950’s by U.S social psychologist to explain why the uptake of a free tuberculosis screening programme had failed. The HBM was then further developed during the 1960’s by Rosenstock and again during the 1970’s by Becker and Mainman, essentially becoming the HBM that is used today. It proposes that an individual’s health-related behaviour depends on the perception of four crucial areas; the severity of a potential illness, their susceptibility to that illness, the benefits of taking a preventive action, and the barriers of taking that action. When using the HBM for health promotion it is broken down into six main concepts. Firstly, the perceived susceptibility to an illness; this implies that an individual’s perception of a health, must be personally relevant to them, or, diagnosis is accurate. Secondly, the perceived severity of the illness; once the individual has recognised their susceptibility, positive action will not happen until the individual perceives that it is severe enough, to have serious health or social