The product was purified by preparative HPLC on a C18 column. The product was freeze dried and analyzed using LCMS and analytical HPLC. 19 was obtained as a white solid with a yield of 21 mg (0.013 mmol, 35%).…
Hydrochloric acid is the main component…
The process of extraction also heavily weighs on the fact that compounds are more favorably soluble in a certain solvent based on solubility characteristics of the desired compound. There are four factors that determine the solubility characteristic of a compound: pH, temperature of the solvent, pressure of the system, and ionic character of solute. Ionic character and pH were manipulated to increase solubility favorability of the compound in extraction solvent. In essence, pH is the easiest factor to manipulate because it merely involves using an aqueous acid or base as an extraction solvent that simultaneously abides by the four solvent requirements of extraction. In regard to recrystallization, an impure compound is allowed to dissolved into a solvent and then allowed to reform as a pure solid because of the fact that the impurities of the crude sample are either fully soluble or insoluble in the solvent chosen.…
Salicylamide and NaI were dissolved in ethanol and cooled in a water bath. Then household bleach was added while stirring vigorously. Then NaOCl and HCl were added as well. Product was collected by vacuum filtration and then recrystallized from 96% ethanol and obtained a yield of 2,07g (54%).…
In the Fischer approach, an acid is used in order to allow the esterification to occur. Gas chromatography separates compounds by their elution time. Data and Results The compound in the gas chromatograph exhibited a retention time of 3.68 minutes.…
It utilizes the technique of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and a chiral catalyst (homobenzotetramisole (HBTM) ). The two enantiomers (S)-HBTM and (R)-HBTM were used to react with 1-phenylethanol; which resulted in one enantiomer reacting faster than the other with the 1-phenylethanol. To determine which enantiomer reacted faster, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was then used. During the TLC process, the solution of the enantiomer (R)-HBTM in Vial B on the top spots (product), had more color intensity than the spots at the bottom (starting material). Therefore, it indicated a large amount of compound in vial B.…
To ensure the reaction was complete the melting point was obtained and determined to be 128℃. The limiting reagent for this reaction was determined to be benzaldehyde as it was a 2: 1 ratio. Using the theoretical yield of 20.70 g, the percent yield was calculated to be 28.74 %. This could have been higher if the reflux was completed for 90 minutes like the procedure called for instead of 60 minutes. This could have influenced the amount of product obtained from the reflux.…
The products underwent recrystallization by dissolving in hot absolute ethanol and boiling distilled water, then cooled in an ice bath. The products were then isolated by vacuum filtration and then the melting point was tested. The melting point of the products was 27°C.…
The reaction synthesis was completed by using a reflux system to produce to crude product, and a vacuum filter to yield a solid, crude product. Recrystallization of the solid product was performed, allowing the impurities of the solid to be removed while slowly crystallizing and the product. The melting point of the final recrystallized product was taken to compare and…
The melting point of the crude product was from 64.7 °C to 67.4 °C and melting point of the pure product was from 69.4 °C to 73.8 °C. The Rf values were collected from TLC, and it was compared with known Rf values of different isomers to starting material. Using percent yield equations,…
The vial was replaced with a small beaker to collect the rest of the distillate. Fraction #1 was analyzed using gas chromatography in a nonpolar column and a polar column, both heated to…
The resulting mixture was stirred in the dark for 3 days at room temperature and then poured into aqueous NaOH solution (10 g in 200 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2Cl2; the combined organic extracts were washed with brine and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a crude solid that was purified by column chromatography [SiO2, hexane/CH2Cl2, 9:1 (v/v)] to afford a white solid (2.2 g, 79%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ 4.13 (t, J = 9 Hz, 4H), 1.89–1.80 (m, 4H), 1.53–1.29 (m, 20H), 0.88 (t, J = 6.6 Hz,…
Abstract This experiment involved an electrophilic aromatic substitution of bromobenzene. Two products were formed: 4-nitrobromobenzene (4-NBB) and 2-nitrobromobenzene (2-NBB). Utilizing column chromatography and recrystallization, separation and purification of the two products was obtained. The mass of 4-NBB, the para product, was 1.57 grams, while the mass of 2-NBB, the ortho product, was 0.80 grams.…
Sikhism is a religion that was established in India many years ago, while the religion has spread, it has amassed quite a large following. This paper is going to discuss several different topics regarding the religion of Sikhism. These topics will include; a brief history of Sikhism, a discussion on the major beliefs of Sikhism, and Identifying one or more issues this religious group may have with the American or western health care system. The first topic is a brief history of Sikhism. Sikhism is a monotheistic religion that originated around the 15th century in a city called Punjab, oddly enough the word Punjabi translates in English to “Path” which is what the Sikh’s like to relate their religion to following the path of a Guru who is like a mentor.…
Stabilizers; PVP K30, PVA, Pluronic® F-68 and PEG 4000 was purchased from HiMedia. HPMC was purchased from Colorcon. Pluronic® F-127 was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Mannitol was from Spectrochem, Mumbai. All the solvents; methanol, acetone and DCM was purchased from Fischer Scientific.…